High quality factor microcavity lasers realized by circular photonic crystal with isotropic photonic band gap effect

Abstract

The photonic band gap ͑PBG͒ effect and its isotropy of sunflower-type circular photonic crystal ͑CPC͒ are obtained and investigated from the transmission spectra performed by finite-difference time-domain ͑FDTD͒ method. The PBG directional width variation is found to be only 6.7%. A well-confined whispering gallery mode ͑WGM͒ with azimuthal number of 6 is obtained by FDTD simulation from the CPC microcavity formed by seven missing air holes ͑C2͒. Ascribed to the deep and isotropic PBG confinement, the WGM lasing with very-low threshold ͑ϳ0.13 mW͒ and very-high-quality ͑Q͒ factor ͑Ͼ10 000͒ is obtained from well-fabricated CPC C2 microcavity lasers.

Spherical whispering‐gallery‐mode microresonators

“…Various geometries have been explored, like micropillars [19], microrings [20][21][22][23], microdisks [24][25][26][27], microtoroids [28][29][30][31], photonic-crystal cavities [32][33][34]. The goals of circuit integration and costsaving mass-manufacturing processes have addressed much of the research towards planar geometries: waveguidebased structures like rings and disks, which can be microfabricated onto wafer substrates using conventional integratedcircuit deposition and etching techniques, have been demonstrated as channel-dropping filters, switches, and even adddrop multiplexers [17,[21][22][23].…”

Nonlinear and Quantum Optics with Whispering Gallery Resonators

“…They have been used for SHG [123] and parametric down conversion [124]. Finally, low-order WGMs can be observed around an irregularity in photonic bandgap crystals [125,126].…”

Circular Photonic Crystal Fibers: Numerical Analysis of Chromatic Dispersion and Losses

“…Photonic Crystal with air holes arranged in circular layer arrangements has been investigated for different applications [11][12][13][14][15] such as studying thermal properties for electrical driving [11], high transmission waveguides [12], high quality factor microcavity lasers with isotropic photonic band gap effect [13], localization of electromagnetic waves [14] and achieving ultraflat dispersion [15], and so forth. Argyros et al [16] realized PCF with circular air holes arrangement with polymer background.…”

“…Recently, there have been new types of cross-sectional geometry where air holes are arranged in a circular pattern [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Photonic Crystal with air holes arranged in circular layer arrangements has been investigated for different applications [11][12][13][14][15] such as studying thermal properties for electrical driving [11], high transmission waveguides [12], high quality factor microcavity lasers with isotropic photonic band gap effect [13], localization of electromagnetic waves [14] and achieving ultraflat dispersion [15], and so forth.…”