High prevalence of Trypanosoma vegrandis in bats from Western Australia

Austen, Jill M.; O’Dea, Mark; Jackson, Bethany; Ryan, Una

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.10.016

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Phylogenetic analyses at both 18S rRNA and gGAPDH loci revealed that T. teixeirae sp. n. clustered within the T. cruzi clade together with all other bat-derived trypanosome species described to date, except T. livingstonei (which was positioned basal to the T. cruzi clade), T. evansi (which belongs to the T. brucei clade) and T. vegrandis (which forms a separate group associated with other marsupial-derived trypanosomes found in Australia) (Hamilton et al, 2007;Botero et al, 2013;Lima et al, 2013;Austen et al, 2015;Carnes et al, 2015). At the gGAPDH locus, T. teixeirae sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In Australia, three Trypanosoma spp. have been described in bats to date: Trypanosoma pteropi from the black flying fox (Pteropus gouldii) (Breinl, 1913;Mackerras, 1959), Trypanosoma hipposideri from the dusky horseshoe bat (Hipposideros bicolor albanensis) and Trypanosoma vegrandis, in pteropid bats (Yangochiroptera) and microbats (Yinpterochiroptera) (Austen et al, 2015). None of these have been associated with clinical disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trypanosoma teixeirae: A new species belonging to the T. cruzi clade causing trypanosomosis in an Australian little red flying fox (Pteropus scapulatus)

Barbosa

Mackie²,

Stenner

et al. 2016

Veterinary Parasitology

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. (Hoare, 1972; Baker, 1973;Marinkelle, 1976Marinkelle, , 1979 Gardner and Molyneux, 1988a, b; Hamanaka and Pinto Ada, 1993; Steindel et al., 1998; Barnabe et al., 2003; Grisard et al., 2003; Lisboa et al., 2008; Cottontail et al., 2009;Maia da Silva et al., 2009; Cavazzana et al., 2010; Garcia et al., 2012; Hamilton et al., 2012; Lima et al., 2012;Lima et al., 2013;Marcili et al., 2013; Silva-Iturriza et al., 2013; Cottontail et al., 2014; Ramirez et al., 2014).In Australia, three Trypanosoma spp. have been described in bats to date:Trypanosoma pteropi from the black flying fox (Pteropus gouldii) (Breinl, 1913; Mackerras, 1959), Trypanosoma hipposideri from the dusky horseshoe bat (Hipposideros bicolor albanensis) and Trypanosoma vegrandis, in pteropid bats (Yangochiroptera) and microbats In the present study, we describe the morphological and genetic characterisation of the novel trypanosome in the little red flying fox (Mackie et al., 2015), for which we proposed the name Trypanosoma teixeirae sp. n. Material and Methods Sample collectionA venous blood sample was collected from the cephalic vein of an adult female little red flying fox that presented to the Australia Zoo Wildlife Hospital (AZWH) in April, 2014.The flying fox had been rescued from the ground at Redcliffe in south-eastern Queensland, Australia and was moribund with anaemia and icterus. Clinical and pathological evidence of disease consistent with trypanosomosis in this flying fox was described by Mackie et al.. Morphological analysesThin blood smears were made from a drop of fresh blood and stained with Diff Quick (Siemens, Germany). After air-drying, the slides were then cover-slipped using DePeX 5 mounting medium Gurr (Merck Pty. Limited, Kilsyth, Victoria, Australia). Stained films were systematically examined using a BX50 microscope (Olympus, Japan) with screen views generated by a DP Controller (version 3.2.1.276, Olympus, Japan). Digital light micrograph images of any trypomastigotes observed were taken at x1000 magnification.Digital images of the organisms identified in the blood films were used to measure key morphological features such as total length (TL), width (W), posterior to kinetoplast (PK), kinetoplast to nucleus (KN), nucleus to anterior (NA) and free flagellum (FF), according to parameters described by Hoare (1972) and Mackerras (1959). Means and standard errors were calculated. The morphological measurements were taken using the software Image J (Abramoff et al., 2004).As two trypanosome species have previously been described in Australian bats based on morphol...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma teixeirae: A new species belonging to the T. cruzi clade causing trypanosomosis in an Australian little red flying fox (Pteropus scapulatus)

Barbosa

Mackie²,

Stenner

et al. 2016

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…8 [8]. In koalas, T. vegrandis was less prevalent than T. irwini (71.1%) and T. gilletti (21.5%), but more prevalent than T. copemani (4.4%) [3].…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The known geographical range of T. vegrandis currently includes Western Australia [4][5][6][7][8]. Trypanosoma vegrandis is believed to be the smallest trypanosome species formally described from mammals (8.3 µm in average length and 1.3 µm in average width) [6].…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The observation that T. vegrandis is present in marsupials and bats from WA and NSW [4][5][6][7][8], marsupials in the Northern Territory (Barbosa et al, unpublished data) and now in koalas from Qld suggests that this parasite species has a wide distribution in Australia. Of the eight native trypanosomes formerly described, only T. copemani and T. vegrandis species have been identified in multiple hosts, with the chronic effects of T. copemani infections possibly linked with the decline of woylie populations [5,16].…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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