High prevalence of t895 and t9364 spa types of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary-care hospital in Mexico: different lineages of clonal complex 5

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of broad-spectrum infections both in the community and within healthcare settings. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a global public health issue. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical and molecular characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates and to define the population structure and distribution of major MRSA clones isolated in a tertiary-care hospital in Mexico. Results: From April 2017 to April 2018, 191 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were collected. The frequency of MRSA was 26.7%; these strains exhibited resistance to clindamycin (84.3%), erythromycin (86.2%), levofloxacin (80.3%), and ciprofloxacin (86.3%). The majority of MRSA strains harbored the SCCmec type II (76.4%) and t895 (56.8%) and t9364 (11.7%) were the most common spa types in both hospital-associated MRSA and community-associated MRSA isolates. ST5-MRSA-II-t895 (New York /Japan clone) and ST1011-MRSA-II-t9364 (New York /Japan-Mexican Variant clone) were the most frequently identified clones. Furthermore, different lineages of Clonal Complexes 5 (85.4%) and 8 (8.3%) were predominantly identified in this study. Conclusion: Our study provides valuable information about the epidemiology of MRSA in a city of the central region of Mexico, and this is the first report on the association between t895 and t9364 spa types and ST5 and ST1011 lineages, respectively. These findings support the importance of permanent surveillance of MRSA aimed to detect the evolutionary changes of the endemic clones and the emergence of new strains.

ESKAPE and Beyond: The Burden of Coinfections in the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…In other information, the most frequently reported MRSA isolates belong to the main clonal complexes CC1, CC5, CC8, CC22, CC30, CC45, and CC80. The most representative HA-MRSA clones are clones ST5-I/EMRSA 3/Cordovan-Chilean and ST5-II/USA100/New York/Japanese (CC5), ST36-II/USA200 clone (CC30), ST45-II/USA600 clone (CC45), and ST239 III/Brazilian/Hungarian clone (CC8), while among the most predominant CA-MRSAs are ST1-IV/USA400 (CC1), ST5-IV/paediatric clone (CC5), ST8-IV/USA300 and USA300-Variant LA (CC8), EMRSA-15 clone (CC22), ST30-IV/Southwest Pacific clone (CC30), and ST80-IV/European clone (CC80) [ 133 ].…”

Synergistic Antibacterial Activity with Conventional Antibiotics and Mechanism of Action of Shikonin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) is a commensal pathogen in healthy adults and individuals with immunosuppressive or genetic predispositions [ 1 ]. S. aureus is a common cause of pneumonia worldwide, second only to pneumococcus [ 2 ].…”

Control of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Associated With a Hospital Outbreak Involving Contamination From Anesthesia Equipment Using UV-C

“…Thus, ST1011-II is not a New York/Japan clone, but it may be a variant of this strain that originated in the late 1990s, the period when the CC30 was replaced in Mexico. Based on the available data, ST1011-II-t9364 may be a Mexican variant of the New York/Japan clone, which has increased in prevalence in the last 11 years; however, more studies are required to determine the differences compared with ST5-IIt895 ( Arias et al, 2017 ; Challagundla et al, 2018 ; Negrete-González et al, 2020 ). ST239-associated HA-MRSA strains (CC239) display resistance to E, CIP, GM, TE, and CLI ( Coombs et al, 2018 ; Dai et al, 2019 ).…”

“…The MRSA ST1011 strain has been associated with SCCmec I and II in Latin America (Arias et al, 2017). This ST was recently identified in MRSA strains isolated from patients in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico (Negrete-González et al, 2020). Sequence type ST1011 differed from ST5 in the replacement of a nucleotide in the arcC gene.…”