High Prevalence of Gynaecological Diseases in Rural Indian Women

Bang, Rani A; Baitule, M.N.; Sarmukaddam, Sanjeev; Bang, Abhay; Choudhary, Yachana; Tale, O.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91438-4

Cited by 238 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This is similar to previous studies conducted in other parts of India. 4,6,10 In all, 66% of women with reproductive morbidity in this sample went untreated. This finding is in agreement with many studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…(E-mail: kannansrini@ymail.com) Studies from developing countries have reported that almost half of women had reproductive tract infections (RTI), [2][3][4][5] every tenth woman suffered from uterine prolapse (one of the worst gynecological morbidities), 6 half had menstrual problems, 7 and a significant proportion had problems related to infertility. 8 High prevalence of reproductive morbidity is attributed to many factors, such as child-bearing pattern; 3 utilization of health services; 5 health-related behavior; 9 and background characteristics including personal standard of living, 4 community affiliation, 4 and utilization of social institutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Untreated Reproductive Morbidities among Ever Married Women of Slums of Rajkot City, Gujarat: The Role of Class, Distance, Provider Attitudes, and Perceived Quality of Care

Bhanderi

Kannan

2010

J Urban Health

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It is a common problem in India for women in the reproductive age group to suffer from reproductive illnesses and not seek care. This paper is an attempt to assess untreated reproductive morbidities and to study factors affecting treatmentseeking behavior among ever married women of urban slums. We selected 1,046 women of the reproductive age group (15-49 years) using two-stage cluster sampling for a community-based, cross-sectional study. From this sample, 593 responses reporting reproductive morbidity were analyzed for treatment-seeking behavior and its correlates. Information was collected on demographics, socioeconomic status, selfreported reproductive morbidity, and treatment-seeking patterns, along with reasons for not utilizing available health services, all using a pretested, structured interview schedule. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done in SPSS 15.0. In our sample, 57% of women had at least one reproductive morbidity; of these, only one third sought health care. Women belonging to the Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes caste group (OR=3.92, 95% CI 1.44-10.64), at a distance of more than 2 km from a health facility (OR =2.67, 95% CI 1.28-5.58), and whose duration of illness was more than 1 year (OR=14.44, 95% CI 3.66-56.87) accessed fewer reproductive health services compared to their counterparts. The present study found that a lower sense of need, the cost of care, and societal barriers were the reasons for not seeking care. Providers' poor attitudes, poor quality of services, and long waiting times were found to be the reasons for not utilizing health facilities. The determinants for accessing reproductive health care were resources available at the household level, social factors, the availability of services, and behaviors related to health. Government facilities remained underutilized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untreated Reproductive Morbidities among Ever Married Women of Slums of Rajkot City, Gujarat: The Role of Class, Distance, Provider Attitudes, and Perceived Quality of Care

Bhanderi

Kannan

2010

J Urban Health

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“…More than half of the world's undernourished population lives in India (Krishnaswami, 2000) and half of Indian children are malnourished (Measham & Chatterjee, 1999;Kumar, 2000). Apart from overall poverty, the health status of women in India reflects gender discrimination from birth (Miller, 1981;Murthi et al, 1995;Kishor, 1995), inequitable distribution of health resources (Arnold et al, 1996;Basu, 1995), and early and frequent reproductive cycling and reproductive tract infections (Koblinsky, 1995;Brabin et al, 1998;Bhatia & Cleland, 1995;Bang et al, 1989). The high rates of anemia among Indian women, therefore, reflect their social and biological vulnerability both within society and the household.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burden of anemia among women in India

2003

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Objective: This research investigates the prevalence and determinants of anemia among women in Andhra Pradesh. We examined differences in anemia related to social class, urban=rural location and nutrition status body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that rural women would have higher prevalence of anemia compared to urban women, particularly among the lower income groups, and that women with low body mass index (BMI; < 18.5 kg=m 2 ) would have a higher risk compared to normal or overweight women. Design: The National Family Health Survey 1998=99 (NFHS-2) provides nationally representative cross-sectional survey data on women's hemoglobin status, body weight, diet, social, demographic and other household and individual level factors. Ordered logit regression analyses were applied to identify socio-economic, regional and demographic determinants of anemia. Setting: Andhra Pradesh, a southern Indian state. Subjects: A total of 4032 ever-married women aged 15 -49 from 3872 households. Results: Prevalence of anemia was high among all women. In all 32.4% of women had mild (100 -109.99 g=l for pregnant women, 100 -119.99 for non-pregnant women), 14.19% had moderate (70 -99.99 g=l), and 2.2% had severe anemia ( < 70 g=l). Protective factors include Muslim religion, reported consumption of alcohol or pulses, and high socioeconomic status, particularly in urban areas. Poor urban women had the highest rates and odds of being anemic. Fifty-two percent of thin, 50% of normal BMI, and 41% of overweight women were anemic. Conclusions: New program strategies are needed, particularly those that improve the overall nutrition status of women of reproductive ages. This will require tailored programs across socio-economic groups and within both rural and urban areas, but particularly among the urban and rural poor.

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“…The perineometry results showed that for each unit increase in the pressure at rest, the likelihood of having a positive point Ba compared to a negative point Ba drops by 4% (OR = 0.96) i.e., increased pressure at rest was a protective factor. 15,16 .…”

Section: Chart 1: Pop-q Staging Distribution In 377 Women Evaluated Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning with the Amerindians: the evaluation of pelvic floor disorders among indigenous women who live in the Xingu Indian Park,Brazil

et al. 2008

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Summary: Objective: to evaluate the pelvic floor muscles and the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse among indigenous women who lives in Xingu Indian Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Methods: observational study with 377 indigenous women, mean age 31±15 years, mean gravity 5±4, mean parity 4±3 and mean body mass index 23,3±4 Kg/m 2 . The Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) was the system used to quantification the staging of pelvic support and the pelvic floor muscle strength was assessed by a perineometer. Logistic regression was used to determine odds ratios and 95% CI for factors that were associated with prolapse. Results: The overall distribution of POP-Q stage system was the following: 15,6% stage 0, 19,4% stage I, 63,9% stage II and 0,8% stage III. Parity (OR=9.40, 95% CI 2.81-31,42) and age (OR=1,03, 95% IC 1,01-1,05) were the most important risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse. The high resting pressure was considered as a protector factor (OR=0,96, 95% IC 0,98). Conclusions: Like non indigenous community, age and the parity were the most important risk factors to the genital prolapse; however the pelvic floor muscles strength were intact, maybe due to the indigenous lifestyle.

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High Prevalence of Gynaecological Diseases in Rural Indian Women

Cited by 238 publications

References 3 publications

Untreated Reproductive Morbidities among Ever Married Women of Slums of Rajkot City, Gujarat: The Role of Class, Distance, Provider Attitudes, and Perceived Quality of Care

Untreated Reproductive Morbidities among Ever Married Women of Slums of Rajkot City, Gujarat: The Role of Class, Distance, Provider Attitudes, and Perceived Quality of Care

The burden of anemia among women in India

Learning with the Amerindians: the evaluation of pelvic floor disorders among indigenous women who live in the Xingu Indian Park,Brazil

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