High prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and lack of association with integrin α2 gene polymorphisms in patients with type 2 diabetes from Northeastern Mexico

Cepeda‐Nieto, Ana Cecilia; Esquivel-Contreras, María Teresa; Duran-Iñiguez, Francisco; Salinas-Santander, Mauricio; Gallardo‐Blanco, Hugo L.; Esparza‐González, Sandra Cecilia; Zugasti–Cruz, Alejandro; Morlett-Chávez, Jesús A.; Córdova-Alvelais, Luis Tlaloc

doi:10.3892/etm.2015.2520

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…12 However, the national Mexican Health and Aging Study found that the combined prevalence of self-reported diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes was 39.4% among 2,012 participants, 16 which is similar to the Chiapas prevalence rate. In the northeastern state of Coahuila, 68% (121/177) of patients with diabetes for at least 10 years had DR, which is considerably more than the 22.6% in Queretaro, 17 but this study did not employ the RAAB methodology and so its results are not comparable with our current study. Furthermore, we do not know the duration of the disease in Queretaro.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness including diabetic retinopathy in Queretaro, Mexico

López-Star¹,

Allison-Eckert²,

Limburg³

et al. 2019

RMOE

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Objective: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment and the prevalence of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in the state of Queretaro, Mexico. Materials and Methods: 180 clusters of 35 people aged ≥ 50 years were randomly selected. Participants had their visual acuity measured and lens examined and had a random blood glucose test to assess their diabetes status. Participants with diabetes had a dilated fundus examination and digital fundus photographs taken. DR was graded using the Scottish DR grading system. results: The prevalence of blindness among the 5935 survey participants was 1.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7-1.2%). The sample prevalence of severe, moderate, and early visual impairment and functional low vision were 1.6%, 3.2%, 12.7%, and 1.4%, respectively. The most common cause of blindness was cataract representing 29.8% of the cases, followed by DR (17.5%). The most common cause of functional low vision was DR (32.9%). There were 1115 participants with diabetes (18.8%, 95% CI: 17.4-20.2%), 92 of whom were newly diagnosed during this study. The prevalence of retinopathy and/or maculopathy among these patients was 22.5% (95% CI: 19.0-26.1%), and 3.6% (95% CI: 2.4-4.8%) had sight-threatening DR. conclusion: Although cataract is the primary cause of blindness among people aged ≥ 50 years in Queretaro, Mexico, DR is the second cause of blindness and the leading cause of functional low vision. There is a need to expand and improve eye care services in Queretaro and to ensure early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and DR.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness including diabetic retinopathy in Queretaro, Mexico

López-Star¹,

Allison-Eckert²,

Limburg³

et al. 2019

RMOE

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“…Of note, the findings from this study were independent of patients' age, sex, duration of diabetes, past history of hypertension, tobacco smoking and alcohol misuse given that they were comparable by these parameters known to increment the risk of incidental and progressive DR. Cepeda-Nieto et al found a significant association between insulin therapy and DR (P=0.0290) in a Mexican cross-sectional comparative study including T2DM patients. However, this was a negative association (OR 0.4026; 95% CI, 0.1793-0.9040) (14). Different methodological issues could account for this discrepancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Association of insulin treatment versus oral hypoglycaemic agents with diabetic retinopathy and its severity in type 2 diabetes patients in Cameroon, sub-Saharan Africa

Jingi¹,

Noubiap²,

Essouma³

et al. 2016

Ann. Transl. Med.

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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease associated with multiple macro and microvascular complications, diabetic retinopathy (DR) being the commonest one. Recent literature has reported an increased risk of DR with insulin use. Methods:We carried out a cross-sectional study at the Ophthalmology Department of the Douala General Hospital (DGH) during a 2-year period to explore the association between insulin treatment and both DR and its severity as compared with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in Cameroonian T2DM patients aged ≥35 years, and who were all screened for DR through eye examination including exhaustive retinal evaluation.Results: In total, medical files of 134 T2DM patients were analyzed. The frequency of DR was 54.1% among patients on OHA and 73.9% among those on insulin treatment, giving an overall frequency of 57.5%. There were significantly more OHA treated patients than insulin treated patients (82.8% vs. 17.2%, P<0.001). As expected, both the OHA and insulin groups were comparable by age, sex, duration of diabetes, past history of hypertension, alcohol misuse, and current tobacco smoking. DR was almost significantly more frequent in T2DM patients under insulin regimen than in patients under OHA [73.9% vs. 54.1%; odds ratio (OR) 2.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.9-6.6; P=0.06]. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) was significantly more observed in insulin treated patients than in OHA treated patients (34.8% vs. 15.3%; OR 2.95; 95% CI, 1.1-8; P=0.035). Irrespective of staging, the frequency of diabetic macular edema (DME) was significantly higher in the insulin group than in the OHA group (43.5% vs.19.8%; OR 3.1; 95% CI, 1.2-8; P=0.019).Conclusions: Compared with OHA, insulin therapy may be associated with DR, DR severity and DME in these T2DM sub-Saharan African patients.

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“…Latin America is one of the regions with a highest increase in the incidence of type II DM and indeed type II DM has been described as a leading cause of death in Mexico. 21 Previous studies in Mexico have reported a prevalence of DR ranging from 38.9% to 51%, 22 23 with worsening of retinopathy in 20.6% of the patients with DR. 24 Reports from Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia have suggested that the main factor that contributes to a high prevalence of DM and its ocular complications in Mexico is the low level of education with an average of 9 years of education completed per person. 25 This was also a finding in our study where 80% of the patients had less than elementary school education.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Neovascular Glaucoma: A Retrospective Review from a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Mexico

Lazcano‐Gomez

Lynch

Martinez

et al. 2017

Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice

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Aim To describe the demographic characteristics, ocular comorbidities, and clinical outcomes of patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and to determine the number of patients who returned for a follow-up eye examination.Materials and methods We examined the clinical data of patients with NVG, who attended a glaucoma clinic between July 2010 and November 2014. We collected information on the demographic characteristics of the patients to include the level of education, ocular comorbidities, NVG stage, visual acuity, glaucoma medications, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of patients who had a follow-up ocular examination at month 1, 3, 6, and 12.Results Data from 350 patients (473 eyes) with NVG were collected. We found 91% of the cohort had proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). We found blindness in both or one eye in 14% and 31% of the cohort respectively. Low vision was found in both or one eye in 14% and 32% of the eyes respectively. By 6 months follow-up, only 32% of the patients were seen at our clinic and by 12 months follow-up, this number decreased to 15%. Around 60% of the patients were on no IOP lowering drugs at the first visit. We found 53% of the cohort had an incomplete elementary school education.Conclusion The results suggest that advanced NVG is a significant ocular problem for patients referred to our clinic with just over half of the patients presenting as blind. We also found that several socioeconomic factors that had an important role in the development of PDR and NVG, specifically, educational status.Clinical significance We described the characteristics of a large cohort of patients with very advanced NVG, reflecting the fact that the strict control of the underlying disease must be the main goal of the Mexican national health system.How to cite this article Lazcano-Gomez G, Soohoo JR, Lynch A, Bonell LN, Martinez K, Turati M, González-Salinas R, Jimenez-Roman J, Kahook MY. Neovascular Glaucoma: A Retrospective Review from a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Mexico. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017;11(2):48-51.

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High prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and lack of association with integrin α2 gene polymorphisms in patients with type 2 diabetes from Northeastern Mexico

Cited by 13 publications

References 62 publications

Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness including diabetic retinopathy in Queretaro, Mexico

Rapid assessment of avoidable blindness including diabetic retinopathy in Queretaro, Mexico

Association of insulin treatment versus oral hypoglycaemic agents with diabetic retinopathy and its severity in type 2 diabetes patients in Cameroon, sub-Saharan Africa

Neovascular Glaucoma: A Retrospective Review from a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Mexico

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