High pressure splitting of castor oil

Abstract

The effects of variations in pressure (20-40 kg/em2), oil-to-water ratio (1:0.4-1:1, w/w) and time (0-8 hr) on the extent of hydrolysis of castor oil were studied. Higher pressure , lower oil-to-water ratio and longer duration gave higher percentage splits. At 40 kg/em ~ pressure and an oil-to-water ratio of 1:1, ca. 92% split was obtained in 8 hr. When the oil was hydrolyzed in 2 stages at 20 kg/cm ~ with an oil-to-water ratio of 1:0.4, ca. 96% split was obtained in a total period of 10 hr. Splitting at 20 kg/cm 2 gave minimal amounts of dienoic acids because of the decomposition of estolides.

Optimization of process variables in castor oil hydrolysis by Candida rugosa lipase with buffer as dispersion medium

“…In case of high temperature steam processes, relatively high temperatures (150°C to 350°C) form the undesired product, ricinoleic acid estolide [6]. It was reported that at 3920 kPa pressure, in a 1:1 oil to water ratio, 92% hydrolysis was obtained in 8 hours; again at 1960 kPa pressure and 1:0.4 oil to water ratio in a 2-stage operation, 96% hydrolysis was achieved in 10 hours [7]. The continuous process employing high pressure (up to 5000 kPa) and temperature (250°C to 360°C), was efficient but ultimately not suitable for denaturation of the product.…”

Castor oil as a renewable resource for the chemical industry

“…A typical pyrolysis reaction is carried out in a tubular batch reactor at 450-600 7C and 1 atm with a residence time of less than 1 min [7,61,77]. The starting material could be either castor oil or methyl ricinoleate [7,61,77,85,86]. The pyrolysis of methyl ricinoleate is the preferred method since castor oil has a higher viscosity, thus resulting in tarry materials and poisonous gases during its direct pyrolysis [7,61,77].…”

Kinetics of reaction of C21 cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid and ethylenediamine

“…Recent studies2 on kinetics of polyamidation of C, dimeric fatty acids, in which both the carboxyl groups are primary, with ethylenediamine showed that the reaction followed overall second-order kinetics with an activation energy of 18.2 kcal/g mol up to 90% conversion and overall third-order kinetics with an activation energy of 16. 4 kcal/g mol above 90% conversion. The present studies pertain to the kinetics of reaction of ethylenediamine with C,, cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid, which has one primary and one secondary carboxyl groups, as shown below:…”