High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Determination of the Five Major Alkaloids in Papaver somniferum L. and Thebaine in Papaver bracteatum Lindl. Capsular Tissue

Abstract

A high pressure liquid chromatographic isocratic procedure is described for determining and quantitating the 5 major alkaloids narcotine, papaverine, thebaine, codeine, and morphine in Papaver somniferum L. and thebaine in Papaver bracteatum Lindl. Other papaveraceous alkaloids, including salutaridine, oripavine, laudanosine, isothebaine, cryptopine, alpinigenine, narceine, protopine, and gnoscopine, were also quantitated. The values for morphine, codeine, and thebaine in P. somniferum were in agreement within 5—9% with values obtained by the United Nations Narcotics Laboratory by other methods. In contrast to previously reported procedures, the advantage of this method is that no precolumn or other purification other than solvent extraction of the capsular tissue is necessary. Isocratic chromatography alone on a single column resolved the 5 major alkaloids.

Exploiting Expressed Sequence Tag Databases for the Development and Characterization of Gene-Derived Simple Sequence Repeat Markers in the Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) for Forensic Applications

“…Opium and many refined opiates, including morphine, thebaine, codeine, papaverine, and noscapine, are extracted from poppies. Drug ingredients such as morphine and codeine are tested using various chemical methods from drug users and poppy plants (1)(2)(3). P. somniferum L. is a species of plant with diverse characteristics of color, number and shape of petals, number of pods, and production of morphine (4).…”

“…Opium and many refined opiates, including morphine, thebaine, codeine, papaverine, and noscapine, are extracted from poppies. Drug ingredients such as morphine and codeine are tested using various chemical methods from drug users and poppy plants (1–3). P .…”

Effect of 2‐chloroethylphosphonic acid on capsule formation and alkaloid content in Papaver somniferum

“…The dried residue was dissolved in 1 ml of absolute ethanol. An aliquot of the ethanol solution was analyzed for thebaine, codeine, and morphine by HPLC with minor mocification of the procedure of Vincent and Engeike (1979). An HPLC (Waters Associates) was equipped with a (Perkin Elmer) stainless steel column (30 cm x 3.9 mm i.d.)…”

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Techniques and Applications

“…In addition to psilocin and psilocybin a third major-product baeocystin was identified (172). Opiates (173) and ginseng (174) have also received recent attention as have phytoplankton pigments (179, the constituents of liquorice (176), ergot (177) and the components of citrus oil (178).…”