High-pressure CO2-enhanced polymer interdiffusion and dissolution studied with in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging

Fleming, Oliver S.; Chan, K. L. Andrew; Kazarian, Sergei G.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2006.04.059

Cited by 51 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The images generated from selected bands in the sample spectrum are spatially resolved maps providing the location of each component in the sampled area (Chan et al, 2005). FT-IR imaging has been used in biological studies (Faibish et al, 2005;Ricci et al, 2006;van der Weerd and Kazarian, 2005;Krafft et al, 2008), polymer (Fleming et al, 2006;Snively and Koenig, 1999), a small number of geological studies (Wysoczanski and Tani, 2006), oil painting fragments (van der Weerd et al, 2003) and to investigate paint and stucco decoration on ancient Maya structures (Goodall et al, 2008). This technique is ideal for the identification of individual paint and substrate layers of rock art samples where the pigment layers are typically in the range of 5-20 mm.…”

Section: The Fern Cave Paintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prehistoric hand stencils at Fern Cave, North Queensland (Australia): environmental and chronological implications of Raman spectroscopy and FT-IR imaging results

Goodall

David

Kershaw

et al. 2009

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Section: The Fern Cave Paintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prehistoric hand stencils at Fern Cave, North Queensland (Australia): environmental and chronological implications of Raman spectroscopy and FT-IR imaging results

Goodall

David

Kershaw

et al. 2009

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…Although existing theoretical frameworks have been used with success to model the phase behavior of such systems, further work is clearly needed to develop i) a library of pure-component data required in such frameworks and ii) formalisms that are more descriptive of molecular functionalities and capable of addressing self-organization or crystallization. Powerful experimental methods capable of examining multicomponent systems in the presence of scCO 2 , such as high-pressure imaging [103,130] and scattering, [255,256] can provide tremendous insight into the dynamics associated with scCO 2 -regulated phase transitions. If more thoroughly understood in terms of molecular-level thermodynamics, changes in phase behavior can be strategically used to generate novel materials with potentially interesting properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This and related in situ studies have provided valuable insight into the phase behavior and dynamics associated with CO 2 -induced polymer dissolution. [130,131] Associated topics are discussed in the next section.…”

Section: Scco 2 -Induced Crystallization/meltingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics and Kinetic Processes of Polymer Blends and Block Copolymers in the Presence of Pressurized Carbon Dioxide

2008

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Environmentally‐responsible materials processing is becoming an important global consideration in a wide variety of technologies, especially those wherein volatile and/or residual organic solvents cannot be tolerated. In this context, polymer processing has benefited tremendously from advances achieved using high‐pressure CO2 as a viscosity modifier, plasticizing agent, foaming agent, and reaction medium. Pressurized CO2 is environmentally benign, inexpensive, sustainable, and versatile owing to its gas‐like viscosity and liquid‐like solubility, which can be tuned through judicious choice of temperature and pressure. The addition of high‐pressure CO2 to homopolymer blends and block copolymers can have a profound impact on polymer thermodynamics and kinetic processes since the number of interacting species increases. As a result, the compressibility as well as plasticization and intermolecular screening effects become non‐negligible. In this work, we review how these factors influence such polymeric systems, and discuss commercial polymer processes and applications that benefit from the use of high‐pressure CO2.

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“…Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) mid-infrared micro-spectroscopy combined with a focal plane array detector, [1][2][3][4] typically containing 64x64 pixels, has been used to characterise a variety of materials and systems such as polymers, [5][6][7][8] crude oil deposits 9,10 and microfluidic devices. 11,12 The acquisition of spatial and chemical information simultaneously allows for the measurement of heterogeneous samples at a significantly faster rate than would be possible with point mapping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FTIR spectroscopic imaging and mapping with correcting lenses for studies of biological cells and tissues

et al. 2016

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Histopathology of tissue samples is used to determine the progression of cancer usually by staining and visual analysis. It is recognised that disease progression from healthy tissue to cancerous is accompanied by spectral signature changes in the infrared range. In this work, FTIR spectroscopic imaging in transmission using a focal plane array (96 x 96 pixels) has been applied to the characterisation of Barrett's esophageal adenocarcinoma. Spectral images were acquired in transmission mode. To correct optical aberrations, infrared transparent lenses were used of the same material as the slide on which biopsies were fixed. The lenses acted as an immersion objective, reducing scattering and improving spatial resolution.A novel mapping approach is presented where spectral images obtained with added lens are stitched together such that the dataset contained a representative section of the esophageal tissue. Images were also acquired in transmission mode using high-magnification optics for enhanced spatial resolution, and were also acquired using a germanium micro-ATR objective for comparison. The reduction of scattering was assessed using k-means clustering. The same tissue section map, which contained a region of high grade dysplasia was analysed using hierarchical clustering analysis. A reduction of the trough at 1077 cm -1 in the second derivative spectra was identified as an indicator of high grade dysplasia.In addition, the spatial resolution obtained with the added lens using high-magnification optics was assessed by measurements of a sharp interface of polymer laminate, which was also compared with the spatial resolution achieved in micro ATR-FTIR imaging. The resolution was determined from the change in absorbance of spectral bands from one side of the polymer interface to the other. In transmission mode using the lens, it was determined to be 12 µm and using micro-ATR, the resolution was 3 µm for the band at ca. 6 µm The spatial resolution was also assessed with and without the added lens, in normal and high-magnification mode using a USAF target.Spectroscopic images of cells in transmission using two lenses are also presented, which are necessary for correcting chromatic aberration and refraction in both the condenser and objective. The use of lenses is shown to be necessary in obtaining high-quality spectroscopic images of cells in transmission mode and proves the applicability of the pseudo hemisphere approach for this and other microfluidic systems.2

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High-pressure CO2-enhanced polymer interdiffusion and dissolution studied with in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging

Cited by 51 publications

References 28 publications

Prehistoric hand stencils at Fern Cave, North Queensland (Australia): environmental and chronological implications of Raman spectroscopy and FT-IR imaging results

Prehistoric hand stencils at Fern Cave, North Queensland (Australia): environmental and chronological implications of Raman spectroscopy and FT-IR imaging results

Thermodynamics and Kinetic Processes of Polymer Blends and Block Copolymers in the Presence of Pressurized Carbon Dioxide

FTIR spectroscopic imaging and mapping with correcting lenses for studies of biological cells and tissues

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