High piezoelectricity with broad temperature insensitivity in BiScO₃–PbTiO₃‐based piezoceramics

Abstract

The surge of interest in searching for high-temperature piezoceramics has proved that BiScO 3 -PbTiO 3 ceramics with high piezoelectric constant and high Curie temperature are promising for high-temperature nondestructive inspection (NDT) applications. However, their inferior temperature stability limits the applications. In this paper, 0.365BiScO 3 -0.635(Pb 1-3x/2 Bi x ) (Ti 0.99 Zn 0.01 )O 3 (BS-xBPZnT) system has been investigated by doping Bi ions to A-site and Zn ions to B-site based on the lattice distortion and hybrid orbital theory. The transformation of domain structures has been achieved, which is varied from typical strip-like domains to complex configuration of microdomain. Meanwhile, the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) was constructed in this system. The results indicated that x = 0.01 composition can reach high piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 ) of 490 pC/N and high Curie temperature of 428 • C. Besides, the in situ high-temperature d 33 results show that x = 0.01 sample can keep stable from 50 • C to 350 • C, and its depolarization temperature is 410 • C.The in situ high-temperature XRD and PFM results show that the temperature stability of phase structure and domain structure is the key factor to improve the stabilization of d 33 . This work confirms that BS-xBPZnT ceramics have superior potential for high-temperature application, paving a significant step toward enhancing the thermal stability of high-temperature piezoceramics.

Diffuse multiphase coexistence renders temperature-insensitive lead-free energy-harvesting piezoceramics

“…S6(c)†), which was relevant to the hierarchical nanodomains with flexible domain walls in the multiphase existence. 32 Moreover, the ε r P s as a function of temperature was calculated, and the results are shown in Fig. S6(d) †.…”

Effect of acceptor–donor co‐doping on the microstructure and electrical properties of BiScO3–PbTiO3‐based ceramics

“…To characterize the degree of diffusion of the BSPT-LWx ceramics, the modified Curie-Weiss relationship, and the parameters of ΔT m and ΔT dif were applied. 2 As shown in Equations (1-3): where C is the Curie-Weiss constant and γ the is diffusion coefficient. The value of γ is 1 for normal ferroelectrics and a real relaxor ferroelectric has the γ value of 2.…”

“…With an increase in Li + /W 6+ content, the dielectric peaks show broadening and the temperature of the maximum ε r ( T m ) shows a clear shift with frequency, suggesting a diffuse phase transition. To characterize the degree of diffusion of the BSPT–LW x ceramics, the modified Curie–Weiss relationship, and the parameters of Δ T m and Δ T dif were applied 2 . As shown in Equations (): $$$$\begin{equation}1/{\varepsilon _r} - 1/{\varepsilon _m} = {\left( {T - {T_m}} \right)^\gamma }/C,\end{equation}$$$$ $$$$\begin{equation}\Delta {T_m} = {T_{m(1 MHz)}} - {T_{m(1 kHz)}},\end{equation}$$$$ $$$$\begin{equation}\Delta {T_{dif(10 kHz)}} = {T_{0.9\varepsilon max(10 kHz)}} - {T_{\varepsilon max(10 kHz)}},\end{equation}$$$$where C is the Curie–Weiss constant and γ the is diffusion coefficient.…”

“…However, owing to relatively low Curie temperature (T C ∼ 350 • C) and maximum operating temperature (250 • C), PZT ceramics are not ideal for high-temperature electronic applications. 2,3 Therefore, the development of ceramics that can operate under high temperatures (300 • C) is urgently required. In 2001, Eitel et al 4 designed (1x)BiScO 3 -xPbTiO 3 (BS-PT) ceramics based on the relationship between the tolerance factor and T C .…”

“…Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) ceramics exhibit optimal electrical properties near the morphotropic phase boundarie (MPB) and have been extensively utilized as commercial piezoelectric ceramics. However, owing to relatively low Curie temperature ( T C ∼ 350°C) and maximum operating temperature (250°C), PZT ceramics are not ideal for high‐temperature electronic applications 2,3 . Therefore, the development of ceramics that can operate under high temperatures (300°C) is urgently required.…”