High-photon-yield scintillation detector with Ar/CF₄ and glass gas electron multiplier

Abstract

The glass made gas electron multiplier (GEM) and Ar/CF4-gas-based gaseous detector is developed as a scintillation detector and ultra high photon yield is demonstrated. The light yield of a glass GEM (G-GEM)-based gaseous detector is estimated to be 85,000 photons/keV, which is three orders of magnitude brighter than inorganic scintillators. The radioluminescence spectrum peak appeared at around 620 nm, which matches the spectral response of commonly used photosensors such as photomultiplier tubes, photodiodes, CMOSs, CCDs, and other photo-sensors. In X-ray spectroscopy, the light yield showed excellent proportionality and the device was successfully operated as a gas proportional scintillation counter. With this design, we obtained a high photon yield of the G-GEM, which has the further advantage of being much more sensitive to low-energy radiation than solid-scintillator-based detectors.

Gaseous and dual-phase time projection chambers for imaging rare processes

“…Lately, optical gains as high as m γ = 10 5 have been achieved with multi-GEM structures operated in He/CF 4 and Ar/CF 4 mixtures ( Fig. 33) and similar values have been reported for thick GEM, too [53,54,221,222].…”

Radiation-induced effects in glass windows for optical readout GEM-based detectors

“…the non-irradiated area in the soda-lime glass and the whole area of the other two samples (fused quartz and fused silica). Similar effects on this type of substrate under proton irradiation have been reported in the literature[7]. There are radiation-induced absorption sites in the glass, and the number of these sites increases with the number of impurities present in the glass.…”

Fine-pitch glass GEM for high-resolution X-ray imaging

“…The basic performance and scintillation properties of G-GEMs have already been presented [7,8]. The G-GEM developed consists of a glass substrate fabricated by a photo-etchable glass process.…”

“…Dark box with a mirror and a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera are placed under the chamber. Utilizing the high yield scintillation photons from G-GEM [8], a radiograph can be simply achieved just by taking a photograph with optical camera [9,10]. In this study, commercially available cooled CCD camera (Bitran BH62L) coupled with Nikon lens (50 mm, F1.4) was used.…”