High-Performance X-ray Detection Based on One-Dimensional Inorganic Halide Perovskite CsPbI₃

Abstract

Recently, three-dimensional (3D) halide perovskites were considered as Xray detection materials because of their high mobility, carrier lifetime, and absorption of Xray radiation. However, their detection sensitivity and instability at extreme conditions and environments still require optimization. In our present research work, we report using onedimensional (1D) inorganic halide perovskite CsPbI 3 crystals for stable X-ray detection. Remarkably, an X-ray detector made of CsPbI 3 has a high sensitivity of 2.37 mC•Gy −1 • cm −2 , which is an order of magnitude greater than that of detectors using 3D halide perovskites reported previously. The high-sensitivity X-ray detection of CsPbI 3 crystals is attributed to their high resistivity of 7.4 × 10 9 Ω•cm and large carrier mobility−lifetime product of 3.63 × 10 −3 cm 2 •V −1 . Our investigation demonstrates the quite promising applications of X-ray detectors made of the low-dimensional perovskite crystals.

Identifying Carrier Behavior in Ultrathin Indirect‐Bandgap CsPbX3 Nanocrystal Films for Use in UV/Visible‐Blind High‐Energy Detectors

“…Recently, needle‐like g ‐phase CsPbI 3 ‐based X‐ray detector was reported to exhibit high sensitivity, but this needle‐like CsPbI 3 has a dimension of 5000 (length) × 250 × 250 μm 3 (two orders of magnitude thicker than our NC film). [ 33 ]…”

“…Recently, needle-like γ-phase CsPbI 3 -based X-ray detector was reported to exhibit high sensitivity, but this needlelike CsPbI 3 has a dimension of 5000 (length) × 250 × 250 µm 3 (two orders of magnitude thicker than our NC film). [33] Perovskite-based X-ray detector has a similar device structure to photodetectors but requires a much thicker active layer for absorbing X-rays efficiently. Thus, the perovskite layer thickness is a crucial determinant of device sensitivity.…”

“…Recently, X-ray detectors based on γ-phase CsPbI 3 exhibiting very high response and sensitivity for X-ray radiation have been reported, which was attributed to its high resistivity and large (carrier mobility × lifetime) value. [33] However, there is a paucity of research on orthorhombic (δ) phase CsPbI 3 , as well as its optical properties and carrier mechanisms, even though its properties can be good for X-ray detectors. [34][35][36][37] Furthermore, the correlation between the band structure of (δ) phase CsPbI 3 and its optical properties has never been conducted.…”

Metal Halide Perovskites for High‐Energy Radiation Detection

“…[ 110 ] Unfortunately, most of these strategies add to the process complexity with adverse effects on the economics of manufacturing. Recently, an attempt has been made to tackle this issue by utilizing solution‐processed 1D (see Figure 1) inorganic halide perovskite CsPbI 3 crystals [ 111 ] for X‐ray detection. Optimized detectors showed a maximum sensitivity of 2.37 mC Gy −1 cm −2 , which is one order of magnitude higher than the value obtained from their 3D counterparts ( Table 4 ).…”

Determination of X-ray detection limit and application in perovskite X-ray detectors

“…It can be seen that the device architecture and the associated detector operational mechanisms play critical role in controlling the sensitivity, which, however, is often overlooked when sensitivity values are being reported for perovskite Xray detectors. Although the reported sensitivities from numerous perovskite X-ray detectors, including single crystals 8,10,[16][17][18][19][20][32][33][34] , thin films 5,13,14,35,36 , and 2D/1D perovskites 21,22,37 , are in a wide range covering six orders of magnitude, from 80 μC Gyair -1 cm -2 to 1.22×10 5 μC Gyair -1 cm -2 (Figure 1), a giant sensitivity does not necessarily indicate a superior material or device quality without an equitable ground of detector operational mechanisms.…”