High-Performance Planar-Type Photodetector on (100) Facet of MAPbI3 Single Crystal

Abstract

Recently, the discovery of organometallic halide perovskites provides promising routes for fabricating optoelectronic devices with low cost and high performance. Previous experimental studies of MAPbI3 optoelectronic devices, such as photodetectors and solar cells, are normally based on polycrystalline films. In this work, a high-performance planar-type photodetector fabricated on the (100) facet of a MAPbI3 single crystal is proposed. We demonstrate that MAPbI3 photodetector based on single crystal can perform much better than that on polycrystalline-film counterpart. The low trap density of MAPbI3 single crystal accounts for the higher carrier mobility and longer carrier diffusion length, resulted in a significant performance increasement of MAPbI3 photodetector. Compared with similar planar-type photodetectors based on MAPbI3 polycrystalline film, our MAPbI3 single crystal photodetector showed excellent performance with good stability and durability, broader response spectrum to near-infrared region, about 102 times higher responsivity and EQE, and approximately 103 times faster response speed. These results may pave the way for exploiting high-performance perovskites photodetectors based on single crystal.

Recent Progress in Single‐Crystalline Perovskite Research Including Crystal Preparation, Property Evaluation, and Applications

“…Over the last 2 years, an increasing number of researchers have begun studying single‐crystalline perovskites, including crystal preparations,21, 27, 28, 43, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 property studies,21, 27, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80 and applications 56, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91. For example, an extremely long carrier lifetime (up to 20 µs) and carrier diffusion length (175 µm) have been found,21 which has received a great deal of attention.…”

“…Photoconductive Detectors : In a photoconductive photodetector, symmetrical electrodes ( Figure 7 a), such as Au‐material‐Au, Ag‐material‐Ag, or ITO‐material‐ITO, are deposited onto the working materials 81, 85, 108, 122, 123. While working, the device current is monitored by applying a voltage bias on the symmetrical electrode, which is an important parameter to evaluate the device performance.…”

“…From this point of view, the single‐crystalline perovskites are great candidates for photodetector applications due to their extremely low intrinsic carrier concentration. Using the simple lateral electrode configuration described in Figure 7a, a MAPbI 3 ‐based device achieved a responsivity as high as 953 A W −1 and an EQE as large as 2.22 × 10 5 % under a 1 V bias voltage and 2.12 nW cm −2 532 nm light illumination 81. The single‐crystalline photodetector showed ≈100 times higher responsivity and EQE than its polycrystalline counterparts under 1 mW cm −2 light illumination.…”

Photodetectors Based on Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskites

“…g) Responsivity versus incident‐light density for MAPbI 3 single crystal PDs (MSCP) and their polycrystalline counterpart (MPFP). f,g) Reproduced with permission 100. Copyright 2015, Macmillan Publishers.…”

“…The as‐prepared MAPbI 3 single crystals showed an average size of 3.3 mm with the largest crystal extending to 10 mm, and these high‐quality materials possessed excellent optical, electrical, and transport properties with a diffusion length exceeding 175 µm 99. Sun et al have prepared (100)‐faceted MAPbI 3 single crystals with millimeter‐sized dimensions by using a bottom‐seeded solution growth method (see Figure 4f) 100. The PDs based on these bulk single crystals showed maximum R of 953 A W −1 , EQE of 2.22 × 10 5 %, fast rise, and decay times of 74 and 58 µs as well as enhanced stability (only 6% drop of photocurrent after 40 d in air).…”