High‐Performance Microring Resonators Fabricated with Multiphoton Absorption Polymerization

Fu, Pingqing; Gershgoren, Erez; Kumi, George; Chen, Wei-Yen; Ho, P.‐T.; Herman, Warren N.; Fourkas, John T.

doi:10.1002/adma.200800032

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In fact polymers can be synthesized with well controlled and broadly tunable chemophysical properties [106]. They are often easy to mold and polymeric photonic circuits can be fabricated with a number of different technologies (optical lithography [107,108], imprinting/embossing [109,110], and photoreaction and nonlinear optical induced polymerization [111] to cite the most investigated ones). In the last years polymeric materials were integrated into nanophotonic devices to exploit their peculiar properties, in particular their highly nonlinear optical coefficient.…”

Section: Polymers In Silicon Photonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Materials for Integrated Photonics

Bettotti

2014

Advances in Optics

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In this review materials and technologies of the hybrid approach to integrated photonics (IP) are addressed. IP is nowadays a mature technology and is the most promising candidate to overcome the main limitations that electronics is facing due to the extreme level of integration it has achieved. IP will be based on silicon photonics in order to exploit the CMOS compatibility and the large infrastructures already available for the fabrication of devices. But silicon has severe limits especially concerning the development of active photonics: its low efficiency in photons emission and the limited capability to be used as modulator require finding suitable materials able to fulfill these fundamental tasks. Furthermore there is the need to define standardized processes to render these materials compatible with the CMOS process and to fully exploit their capabilities. This review describes the most promising materials and technological approaches that are either currently implemented or may be used in the coming future to develop next generations of hybrid IP devices.

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Section: Polymers In Silicon Photonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Materials for Integrated Photonics

Bettotti

2014

Advances in Optics

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“…More recently, high-performance microring resonators ( Fig. 5.7 ) have been demonstrated (Li et al , 2008a), in addition to index-modulated gratings within waveguides . Dielectric-loaded waveguides based on plasmonic metals are beginning to be explored as well (Reinhardt et al , 2009.…”

Section: Waveguide-based Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) Typical data from the through port of a microring resonator (both reprinted with permission fromLi et al , 2008a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiphoton lithography, processing and fabrication of photonic structures

Fourkas

2012

Laser Growth and Processing of Photonic Devices

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“…In 2008, Li et al demonstrated that high‐performance polymeric microrings can be directly written via multiphoton absorption polymerization . Since then, femtosecond laser fabrication methods, from two‐photon polymerization to femtosecond laser micromachining, as well as different materials and approaches have been exploited to obtain high‐Q WGM microresonators .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond laser fabrication of high‐Q whispering gallery mode microresonators via two‐photon polymerization

Tomázio

Otuka

Almeida

et al. 2017

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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Whispering gallery mode microresonators have been triggering considerable advances in science due to their ability to confine light within small dielectric volumes, which makes them suitable for a wide range of applications. Lithographic approaches have been the dominant technique for fabricating microresonators; however, they restrict the choice of materials due to their multistep processing nature. As an alternative, they report the direct laser fabrication of acrylic based hollow microcylinder resonators, via two‐photon polymerization, with good structural integrity and sidewall roughness of 1.5 nm, which make them promising candidates for photonic applications in the near‐infrared. Such polymeric microresonators exhibit finesse close to 103 and a quality factor of 1 × 105, a performance achieved without any additional processing step, which would restrict the choices of materials to be incorporated into the polymeric resonator. This advantage thereby broadens the widespread use of the polymeric microresonators, making them an excellent platform for lasing and nonlinear optics studies in the near‐infrared. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 569–574

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High‐Performance Microring Resonators Fabricated with Multiphoton Absorption Polymerization

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Hybrid Materials for Integrated Photonics

Hybrid Materials for Integrated Photonics

Multiphoton lithography, processing and fabrication of photonic structures

Femtosecond laser fabrication of high‐Q whispering gallery mode microresonators via two‐photon polymerization

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