High performance Li–CO<sub>2</sub> batteries with NiO–CNT cathodes

Zhang, Xin; Wang, Chengyi; Li, Huanhuan; Wang, Xin‐Gai; Chen, Yanan; Xie, Zhaojun; Zhou, Zhen

doi:10.1039/c7ta11015d

Cited by 155 publications

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References 32 publications

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“…Ru@Super P was used in the air cathode for Li‐CO 2 batteries with significantly reduced overpotential and improved cycling stability . Recently, transition metal and oxide‐based materials, Ni nanoparticles dispersed in N‐doped graphene (Ni‐NG), NiO dispersed on carbon nanotubes (NiO‐CNT), and Cu dispersed in N‐doped graphene (Cu‐NG), have been explored as efficient catalysts for Li‐CO 2 batteries, and exhibited excellent performance. As one of the most studied noble metals due to high physical/chemical stability, Ir has successfully been used as catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and Li‐O 2 batteries .…”

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confidence: 99%

Fabricating Ir/C Nanofiber Networks as Free‐Standing Air Cathodes for Rechargeable Li‐CO₂ Batteries

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

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Li-CO batteries are promising energy storage systems by utilizing CO at the same time, though there are still some critical barriers before its practical applications such as high charging overpotential and poor cycling stability. In this work, iridium/carbon nanofibers (Ir/CNFs) are prepared via electrospinning and subsequent heat treatment, and are used as cathode catalysts for rechargeable Li-CO batteries. Benefitting from the unique porous network structure and the high activity of ultrasmall Ir nanoparticles, Ir/CNFs exhibit excellent CO reduction and evolution activities. The Li-CO batteries present extremely large discharge capacity, high coulombic efficiency, and long cycling life. Moreover, free-standing Ir/CNF films are used directly as air cathodes to assemble Li-CO batteries, which show high energy density and ultralong operation time, demonstrating great potential for practical applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabricating Ir/C Nanofiber Networks as Free‐Standing Air Cathodes for Rechargeable Li‐CO₂ Batteries

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Zhang

et al. 2018

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“…Transition metal–based catalysts, especially noble metal and their oxide/carbide supported on carbon materials have been proven to be effective cathode catalysts at promoting the reversible reaction between Li and CO 2 . Ru/super P, Mo 2 C/carbon nanotubes (CNTs), Ni/N‐doped graphene, Cu/N‐doped graphene, NiO‐CNT, and Ir nanosheets/carbon nanofibers have been explored as cathodes for Li–CO 2 battery with improved cycling capability and low overpotential. However, their scarcity, high cost, and poor durability have impeded commercialization of Li–CO 2 battery.…”

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“…This method offers advantages in terms of lightweight, high conductivity, and strong mechanical strengths, such as in the case of Al‐CNTs, carbon fiber‐CNTs, and stainless steel‐CNTs. Finally, relatively‐inert Ti wire was chosen as the flexible substrate to ensure sufficient electro‐conductivity and mechanical strength of the fiber‐shaped cathode, on account of the fact that those commonly used metals, such as Ni, Fe, and Cu, have proven to be electrochemically active for Li–CO 2 batteries . CNT forests with 16 µm in thickness are covered on the Ti wire as shown in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images (Figure b–d) and its coaxial structure can be clearly observed in cross‐sectional SEM image and element mappings (Figure S2, Supporting Information).…”

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Bamboo‐Like Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotube Forests as Durable Metal‐Free Catalysts for Self‐Powered Flexible Li–CO₂ Batteries

et al. 2019

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The Li-CO 2 battery is a promising energy storage device for wearable electronics due to its long discharge plateau, high energy density, and environmental friendliness. However, its utilization is largely hindered by poor cyclability and mechanical rigidity due to the lack of a flexible and durable catalyst electrode. Herein, flexible fiber-shaped Li-CO 2 batteries with ultralong cycle-life, high rate capability, and large specific capacity are fabricated, employing bamboo-like N-doped carbon nanotube fiber (B-NCNT) as flexible, durable metal-free catalysts for both CO 2 reduction and evolution reactions. Benefiting from high N-doping with abundant pyridinic groups, rich defects, and active sites of the periodic bamboo-like nodes, the fabricated Li-CO 2 battery shows outstanding electrochemical performance with high fulldischarge capacity of 23 328 mAh g −1 , high rate capability with a low potential gap up to 1.96 V at a current density of 1000 mA g −1 , stability over 360 cycles, and good flexibility. Meanwhile, the bifunctional B-NCNT is used as the counter electrode for a fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cell to fabricate a self-powered fiber-shaped Li-CO 2 battery with overall photochemicalelectric energy conversion efficiency of up to 4.6%. Along with a stable voltage output, this design demonstrates great adaptability and application potentiality in wearable electronics with a breath monitor as an example.

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“…Consequently, it is critical to optimize the matrix architecture to accommodate the Li 2 CO 3 , and design the catalyst to reduce the overpotential for boosting the performance of lithium–CO 2 batteries. Up to now, Ketjen carbon, graphene, Ru/super P, Mo 2 C/carbon nanotubes (CNTs), CNTs, B, N‐codoped graphene, Ni/N‐doped graphene, Cu/N‐doped graphene, NiO–CNT, and Ir nanoparticles/CNFs have been explored as cathodes in lithium–CO 2 batteries. But their cycling performance, rate capability, and energy efficiency are still very limited.…”

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Crumpled Ir Nanosheets Fully Covered on Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Long‐Life Rechargeable Lithium–CO₂ Batteries

et al. 2018

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can provide a promising strategy for green usage of CO 2 from the atmosphere. [6][7][8][9] The concept of aprotic lithium-CO 2 battery is proposed, in which the mechanism is based on the electrochemical reaction, 4Li + + 3CO 2 + 4e -<=> 2Li 2 CO 3 + C (E o = 2.80 V vs Li/Li + ), composed of CO 2breathing electrode as cathodes, lithium metal as anodes, and lithium salt dissolved in aprotic solvent as electrolyte. [6,9,10] Although the specific pathway of CO 2 reduction reaction is still unclear, it is generally accepted that the reduction reaction proceeds through the general steps shown below [8,9,11,12] ) has been proved to form on the electrode at the beginning of discharge process by the in situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. [11] And the mechanism of the electroreduction of CO 2 in aprotic solvents has also been reported, in which the CO 2 is reduced to CO 2 by one-electron reaction, Aprotic Li-CO 2 batteries are a new class of green energy storage and conversion system, which can utilize the CO 2 from the atmosphere in an environmentally friendly way. However, the biggest problem of the existing Li-CO 2 batteries is that they suffer from high polarization and poor cycling performance, mainly caused by the insulating and insoluble discharge product, Li 2 CO 3 . Herein, this study reports the synthesis of wrinkled, ultrathin Ir nanosheets fully anchored on the surface of N-doped carbon nanofibers (Ir NSs-CNFs) as an efficient cathode for improving the performance of lithium-CO 2 batteries. The battery can be steadily discharged and charged at least for 400 cycles with a cut-off capacity of 1000 mAh g −1 at 500 mA g −1 . Meanwhile, the cathode can effectively reduce the charge overpotential by showing a charge termination voltage below 3.8 V at 100 mA g −1 , which is the smallest charge overpotential reported to date. The ex situ analysis of the intermediate products reveals that during the discharge process, Ir NSs-CNFs can greatly stabilize amorphous granular intermediate (probably Li 2 C 2 O 4 ) and delay its further transformation into thin plate-like Li 2 CO 3 , whereas during the charge process, it can make Li 2 CO 3 be easily and completely decomposed, which is the key in greatly improving its performance for lithium-CO 2 batteries. Lithium-CO 2 BatteriesThe energy shortage and environmental pollution are the severe challenges for achieving the sustainable development of the human society. [1,2] Unfortunately, the main energy resources in the present society are still fossil fuels, which undoubtedly are nonrenewable, and produce a mass of greenhouse gases, resulting in accelerating the global temperature rise. [3][4][5] How to capture and convert CO 2 into renewable energy in an environmentally friendly way is attracting more intensive attention.Recently, the lithium-CO 2 battery as an innovative energy storageThe ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.

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High performance Li–CO₂ batteries with NiO–CNT cathodes

Abstract: A NiO/CNT composite was prepared by a solvothermal method. The composite was used as the air cathode for Li–CO2 batteries, and displayed great stability and high catalytic activity.

Cited by 155 publications

References 32 publications

Fabricating Ir/C Nanofiber Networks as Free‐Standing Air Cathodes for Rechargeable Li‐CO₂ Batteries

Fabricating Ir/C Nanofiber Networks as Free‐Standing Air Cathodes for Rechargeable Li‐CO₂ Batteries

Bamboo‐Like Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotube Forests as Durable Metal‐Free Catalysts for Self‐Powered Flexible Li–CO₂ Batteries

Crumpled Ir Nanosheets Fully Covered on Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Long‐Life Rechargeable Lithium–CO₂ Batteries

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High performance Li–CO2 batteries with NiO–CNT cathodes

Abstract: A NiO/CNT composite was prepared by a solvothermal method. The composite was used as the air cathode for Li–CO2 batteries, and displayed great stability and high catalytic activity.

Cited by 155 publications

References 32 publications

Fabricating Ir/C Nanofiber Networks as Free‐Standing Air Cathodes for Rechargeable Li‐CO2 Batteries

Fabricating Ir/C Nanofiber Networks as Free‐Standing Air Cathodes for Rechargeable Li‐CO2 Batteries

Bamboo‐Like Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotube Forests as Durable Metal‐Free Catalysts for Self‐Powered Flexible Li–CO2 Batteries

Crumpled Ir Nanosheets Fully Covered on Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Long‐Life Rechargeable Lithium–CO2 Batteries

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High performance Li–CO₂ batteries with NiO–CNT cathodes

Fabricating Ir/C Nanofiber Networks as Free‐Standing Air Cathodes for Rechargeable Li‐CO₂ Batteries

Fabricating Ir/C Nanofiber Networks as Free‐Standing Air Cathodes for Rechargeable Li‐CO₂ Batteries

Bamboo‐Like Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotube Forests as Durable Metal‐Free Catalysts for Self‐Powered Flexible Li–CO₂ Batteries

Crumpled Ir Nanosheets Fully Covered on Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Long‐Life Rechargeable Lithium–CO₂ Batteries