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The integration of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-involved photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) holds great promise for enhanced anticancer effects. Herein, we report biodegradable cancer cell membrane-coated mesoporous copper/manganese silicate nanospheres (mCMSNs) with homotypic targeting ability to the cancer cell lines and enhanced ROS generation through singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) production and glutathione (GSH)-activated Fenton reaction, showing excellent CDT/PDT synergistic therapeutic effects. We demonstrate that mCMSNs are able to relieve the tumor hypoxia microenvironment by catalytic decomposition of endogenous H 2 O 2 to O 2 and further react with O 2 to produce toxic 1 O 2 with a 635 nm laser irradiation. GSH-triggered mCMSNs biodegradation can simultaneously generate Fenton-like Cu + and Mn 2+ ions and deplete GSH for efficient hydroxyl radical (•OH) production. The specific recognition and homotypic targeting ability to the cancer cells were also revealed. Notably, relieving hypoxia and GSH depletion disrupts the tumor microenvironment (TME) and cellular antioxidant defense system, achieving exceptional cancertargeting therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo. The cancer cells growth was significantly inhibited. Moreover, the released Mn 2+ can also act as an advanced contrast agent for cancer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thus, together with photosensitizers, Fenton agent provider and MRI contrast effects along with the modulating of the TME allow mCMSNs to realize MRI-monitored enhanced CDT/PDT synergistic therapy. It provides a paradigm to rationally design TMEresponsive and ROS-involved therapeutic strategies based on a single polymetallic silicate nanomaterial with enhanced anticancer effects.

A new biomimetic ant-nest ionogel electrolyte was demonstrated to develop high-performance Li/Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 and Li/Li4Ti5O12 solid-state cells.

Lithium–air batteries are promising devices for electrochemical energy storage because of their ultrahigh energy density. However, it is still challenging to achieve practical Li–air batteries because of their severe capacity fading and poor rate capability. Electrolytes are the prime suspects for cell failure. In this Review, we focus on the opportunities and challenges of electrolytes for rechargeable Li–air batteries. A detailed summary of the reaction mechanisms, internal compositions, instability factors, selection criteria, and design ideas of the considered electrolytes is provided to obtain appropriate strategies to meet the battery requirements. In particular, ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes and solid‐state electrolytes show exciting opportunities to control both the high energy density and safety.

can provide a promising strategy for green usage of CO 2 from the atmosphere. [6][7][8][9] The concept of aprotic lithium-CO 2 battery is proposed, in which the mechanism is based on the electrochemical reaction, 4Li + + 3CO 2 + 4e -<=> 2Li 2 CO 3 + C (E o = 2.80 V vs Li/Li + ), composed of CO 2breathing electrode as cathodes, lithium metal as anodes, and lithium salt dissolved in aprotic solvent as electrolyte. [6,9,10] Although the specific pathway of CO 2 reduction reaction is still unclear, it is generally accepted that the reduction reaction proceeds through the general steps shown below [8,9,11,12] ) has been proved to form on the electrode at the beginning of discharge process by the in situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. [11] And the mechanism of the electroreduction of CO 2 in aprotic solvents has also been reported, in which the CO 2 is reduced to CO 2 by one-electron reaction, Aprotic Li-CO 2 batteries are a new class of green energy storage and conversion system, which can utilize the CO 2 from the atmosphere in an environmentally friendly way. However, the biggest problem of the existing Li-CO 2 batteries is that they suffer from high polarization and poor cycling performance, mainly caused by the insulating and insoluble discharge product, Li 2 CO 3 . Herein, this study reports the synthesis of wrinkled, ultrathin Ir nanosheets fully anchored on the surface of N-doped carbon nanofibers (Ir NSs-CNFs) as an efficient cathode for improving the performance of lithium-CO 2 batteries. The battery can be steadily discharged and charged at least for 400 cycles with a cut-off capacity of 1000 mAh g −1 at 500 mA g −1 . Meanwhile, the cathode can effectively reduce the charge overpotential by showing a charge termination voltage below 3.8 V at 100 mA g −1 , which is the smallest charge overpotential reported to date. The ex situ analysis of the intermediate products reveals that during the discharge process, Ir NSs-CNFs can greatly stabilize amorphous granular intermediate (probably Li 2 C 2 O 4 ) and delay its further transformation into thin plate-like Li 2 CO 3 , whereas during the charge process, it can make Li 2 CO 3 be easily and completely decomposed, which is the key in greatly improving its performance for lithium-CO 2 batteries. Lithium-CO 2 BatteriesThe energy shortage and environmental pollution are the severe challenges for achieving the sustainable development of the human society. [1,2] Unfortunately, the main energy resources in the present society are still fossil fuels, which undoubtedly are nonrenewable, and produce a mass of greenhouse gases, resulting in accelerating the global temperature rise. [3][4][5] How to capture and convert CO 2 into renewable energy in an environmentally friendly way is attracting more intensive attention.Recently, the lithium-CO 2 battery as an innovative energy storageThe ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.

Lithium metal batteries show great potential in energy storage because of their high energy density. Nevertheless, building a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and restraining the dendrite growth are difficult to realize with traditional liquid electrolytes. Solid and gel electrolytes are considered promising candidates to restrain the dendrites growth, while they are still limited by low ionic conductivity and incompatible interphases. Herein, a dual‐salt (LiTFSI‐LiPF6) gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) with 3D cross‐linked polymer network is designed to address these issues. By introducing a dual salt in 3D structure fabricated using an in situ polymerization method, the 3D‐GPE exhibits a high ionic conductivity (0.56 mS cm−1 at room temperature) and builds a robust and conductive SEI on the lithium metal surface. Consequently, the Li metal batteries using 3D‐GPE can markedly reduce the dendrite growth and achieve 87.93% capacity retention after cycling for 300 cycles. This work demonstrates a promising method to design electrolytes for lithium metal batteries.

A class of ultrathin triangular RuRh alloy nanosheets was developed to greatly enhance the kinetics of CO 2 reduction and evolution reactions. Alloying Ru with Rh can impose a substantially high activity in electron transfer of surface Ru, thus not only favoring CO 2 reduction but also facilitating Li 2 CO 3 decomposition, endowing the Li-CO 2 battery with superior cycling performance and rate capability. At 1,000 mA g À1 , the Li-CO 2 battery with RuRh catalysts can stably discharge and charge up to 180 cycles.

Intimately coupled carbon/transition-metal-based hierarchical nanostructures are one of most interesting electrode materials for boosting energy conversion and storage applications owing to the strong synergistic effect between the two components and appealing structural stability. Herein, a universal method is reported for making hierarchical hollow carbon nanospheres (HCSs) with intimately coupled ultrathin carbon nanosheets and Mo-based nanocrystals. The in situ and confined reaction of the synthetic strategy can not only allow the aggregation of the nanocrystals to be impeded, but also endows extremely intimate coupled interaction between the conductive carbon nanosheets and the nanocrystals MoM (M = P, S, C and O). As a proof of concept, the as-prepared MoP/C HCSs exhibit extraordinary hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalytic activity with small overpotential and robust durability in both acidic and alkaline solutions. In addition, the unique sheet-on-sheet MoS /C HCSs as an anode demonstrate high capacity, great rate capabilities, and long-term cycles for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The capacity can be maintained at 410 mA h g even after 1000 cycles even at a high current density of 4 A g , one of the best reported values for MoS -based electrode materials for SIBs. The present work highlights the importance of designing and fabricating functional strongly coupled hybrid materials for enhancing energy conversion and storage applications.