High levels of interleukin‐8, soluble CD4 and soluble CD8 in bullous pemphigoid blister fluid. The relationship between local cytokine production and lesional T‐cell activities

Sun, Chongde; Wu, Jing; Wong, Ten‐Tsao; Wang, Li-Fang; Mt, Chuan

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03894.x

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports of a relationship between MIP‐1α and BP. By contrast, the involvement of IL‐8 and RANTES in the pathogenesis of BP has been reported previously 19,20 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Successful treatment by double-filtration plasmapheresis of a patient with bullous pemphigoid: effects in vivo on transcripts of several genes for chemokines and cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

et al. 2003

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The involvement of various cytokines and chemokines has been reported in the pathogenesis of bullous pemphigoid (BP). Double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) is an effective treatment for BP but the mechanism of action remains unclear. Using semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we examined levels of transcripts for various cytokines and chemokines in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a patient with BP before and after DFPP treatment. DFPP was performed four times. Relative levels of transcripts for interleukin (IL)-8, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and IL-5, and the ratio of relative levels of transcripts for IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-gamma, were higher, before treatment, than in healthy controls, and decreased when the extent of the lesions was reduced. Relative levels of transcripts for tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and IL-4 also decreased with regression of lesions, although they were similar to or lower than the corresponding levels in healthy individuals. When eruptions recurred, relative levels of transcripts for IL-8, MIP-1alpha, RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted), IL-2, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were very much higher than those prior to the recurrence, while relative levels of mRNAs for IL-4 and IL-5 did not increase. Relative levels of transcripts for IL-8, MIP-1alpha, TNF-alpha and IL-2 were lower at the end of each individual DFPP and after the four treatments than at the beginning of treatment. Our observations suggest that cytokines and chemokines produced in mononuclear cells play important roles in the pathogenesis of BP and that regulation of their expression might be involved in the therapeutic effects of DFPP in BP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Successful treatment by double-filtration plasmapheresis of a patient with bullous pemphigoid: effects in vivo on transcripts of several genes for chemokines and cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

et al. 2003

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“…The presence of a pattern of inflammatory milieu agrees with the findings of others 20 and also reflects the relapsing nature of the disease process in these lesions. [21][22][23][24] It is well established that the bullous skin lesions are dynamic ones, with the inflammatory phenomenon spanning a spectrum from mild or moderate to severe (acute) chronic inflammation. The cause of this dynamic property is the cascade of inflammatory events that occur in succession which seems to be the hallmark of these lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistological analysis of immune cells in blistering skin lesions

Hussein

Ali²,

Omar³

2007

J Clin Pathol

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Background: Bullous skin lesions are characterised by the presence of intraepidermal or subepidermal bullae. Although inflammatory cell infiltrate is a constant feature in these lesions, their immunophenotypic characterisation is still incomplete. Aim: To determine whether the development of bullous skin diseases is associated with changes in the inflammatory cell infiltrate. Materials and methods: 34 cases representing lesions with both intraepidermal and subepidermal bullae were examined using immunoperoxidase staining methods and antibodies targeting antigens for histiocytes (CD68), B cells (CD20+), T cells (CD3+), T cells with cytotoxic potential (T cell intracellular associated antigen, TIA1+) and activity (granzyme B, GRB+). The adjacent normal skin (lesions) and an additional five cases of normal skin were also examined (controls). Results: The transition from normal skin to lesional skin (lesions with intraepidermal and subepidermal bullae) was associated with a significant increase (p(0.05) in the density of total inflammatory cell infiltrate, CD68+ cells, CD3+ T lymphocytes, CD20+ B lymphocytes, TIA1+-resting cytotoxic T cells and GRB+ T cells with cytotoxic activity. Conclusions: The increase in inflammatory cell infiltrate during the transition from normal to lesional skin may reflect the presence of an increased antigenicity of the lesional cells or a response to some basement membrane components. CD68+ and CD3+ cells, especially the resting cytotoxic ones, achieved numerical dominance in these lesions. Cell-mediated immunity seems to have critical role in the development of these lesions.

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“…In addition to autoantibodies that recognize hemidesmosomal proteins in bullous pemphigoid, the cell‐mediated immune reaction is considered to play an important part in blister formation. There is a delicately orchestrated network of cytokines and cell‐mediated immunity operating in BP blisters 3 …”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various inflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)‐1b, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, interferon‐γ and tumour necrosis factor‐α have been detected in the blister fluid of patients with BP. The localized inflammatory process is indicated by the detection of cytokines at higher levels in blister fluid than in serum 3,6 …”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of anti-BP180NC16a and anti-BP230 autoantibodies in blister fluid of patients with bullous pemphigoid: the first survey in Greece

Patsatsi

Vyzantiadis

Devliotou-Panagiotidou

et al. 2008

Clin Exp Dermatol

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Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an acquired bullous disease with an increasing prevalence among elderly people worldwide, including in Greece. Blister formation in most patients with BP is caused by autoantibodies against structural components of the basement membrane zone of the skin, predominantly BP180NC16a and BP230 antigens on the hemidesmosome adhesion complex. Routine diagnostic methods such as histological examination and direct and indirect immunofluorescence are combined to determine diagnosis. In this study, an ELISA was used to measure levels of both anti-BP180NC16A and anti-BP230 autoantibodies in the blister fluid of 13 patients with newly diagnosed BP, before starting treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate this method as a diagnostic tool in BP. Our results indicate that blister-fluid examination by ELISA can be a useful tool to diagnose bullous pemphigoid, especially in elderly patients who refuse biopsy or have poor venous access.

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High levels of interleukin‐8, soluble CD4 and soluble CD8 in bullous pemphigoid blister fluid. The relationship between local cytokine production and lesional T‐cell activities

Abstract: The correlations suggest that there is a delicately orchestrated network of cytokines and cell-mediated immunity operating in BP blisters.

Cited by 32 publications

References 34 publications

Successful treatment by double-filtration plasmapheresis of a patient with bullous pemphigoid: effects in vivo on transcripts of several genes for chemokines and cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Successful treatment by double-filtration plasmapheresis of a patient with bullous pemphigoid: effects in vivo on transcripts of several genes for chemokines and cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Immunohistological analysis of immune cells in blistering skin lesions

Detection of anti-BP180NC16a and anti-BP230 autoantibodies in blister fluid of patients with bullous pemphigoid: the first survey in Greece

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