High Intensity Interval Training Does Not Have Compensatory Effects on Physical Activity Levels in Older Adults

Bruseghini, Paolo; Tam, Enrico; Calabria, Elisa; Milanese, Chiara; Capelli, Carlo; Galvani, Christel

doi:10.3390/ijerph17031083

Cited by 17 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Both HIIT and RT resulted in quadriceps hypertrophy but there was only an associated increase in strength after RT. Not provided Bruseghini et al (2020) [ 23 ] Frequency: 3×/week for 8 weeks Intervals: 7 intervals at 85–95% VO 2max for 2 min Rest: 2 min at 40% VO 2max Modality: Cycle ergometer During HIIT, significant changes were observed in moderate and vigorous physical activity, average daily metabolic equivalents (METs), physical activity level, and activity energy expenditure ( p < 0.05) but not in total energy expenditure. Sleep and sedentary time, and levels of light physical activity remained constant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six studies examined HIIT vs. MCT over longer training periods [ 21 , 23 , 24 , 28 – 30 ]. Here, HIIT was found to be both tolerable and feasible and had a greater impact on VO 2peak [ 21 , 30 ], ejection fraction, and insulin resistance compared to MCT [ 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stockwell et al [40] reported that across a single session, HIIT was generally preferred over MCT by participants. Six studies examined HIIT vs. MCT over longer training periods [21,23,24,[28][29][30]. Here, HIIT was found to be both tolerable and feasible and had a greater impact on VO 2peak [21,30], ejection fraction, and insulin resistance compared to MCT [28].…”

Section: Non-clinical Populationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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High-Intensity Interval Training in Older Adults: a Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an increasingly popular form of aerobic exercise which includes bouts of high-intensity exercise interspersed with periods of rest. The health benefits, risks, and optimal design of HIIT are still unclear. Further, most research on HIIT has been done in young and middle-aged adults, and as such, the tolerability and effects in senior populations are less well-known. The purpose of this scoping review was to characterize HIIT research that has been done in older adults including protocols, feasibility, and safety and to identify gaps in the current knowledge. Five databases were searched with variations of the terms, “high-intensity interval training” and “older adults” for experimental or quasi-experimental studies published in or after 2009. Studies were included if they had a treatment group with a mean age of 65 years or older who did HIIT, exclusively. Of 4644 papers identified, 69 met the inclusion criteria. The average duration of training was 7.9 (7.0) weeks (mean [SD]) and protocols ranged widely. The average sample size was 47.0 (65.2) subjects (mean [SD]). Healthy populations were the most studied group (n = 30), followed by subjects with cardiovascular (n = 12) or cardiac disease (n = 9), metabolic dysfunction (n = 8), and others (n = 10). The most common primary outcomes included changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (such as VO2peak) as well as feasibility and safety of the protocols as measured by the number of participant dropouts, adverse events, and compliance rate. HIIT protocols were diverse but were generally well-tolerated and may confer many health advantages to older adults. Larger studies and more research in clinical populations most representative of older adults are needed to further evaluate the clinical effects of HIIT in these groups.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Non-clinical Populationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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High-Intensity Interval Training in Older Adults: a Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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“…Characteristics of the selected studies are presented in Table 1. Of them, three studies were conducted in Australia [19][20][21], three studies were conducted in Norway [22][23][24], two studies were conducted in the United States [25,26], two studies were conducted in Italy [27,28], two studies were conducted in Canada [29,30], two studies were conducted in Belgium [31,32], and one study was conducted in China [33], Germany [34], Switzerland [35], France [36], Spain [37], Chile [38], and Cyprus [39], respectively. In addition, 20 studies were written in English and one study was published in Chinese.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Sleep: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Min

Wang

You

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Objectives: To use a quantitative approach to examine the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) interventions on sleep for adults. Methods: PubMed, Ebsco, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data were searched from their inception to December 2020. Intervention studies with a control group that examined the effects of HIIT interventions on sleep were included in this meta-analysis. The risk of bias was assessed using the tool provided by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Effect sizes (ESs), calculated as weighted mean difference (WMD) and standardized mean difference (SMD), were used to examine the effects of objective outcomes and subjective outcomes separately. Results: A large increase in sleep quality (SQ) reflected by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index global scores [WMD = −0.90, 95%CI (−1.72, −0.07), p = 0.03, n = 8] and a small-to-medium favorable effect on sleep efficiency (SE) [SMD = 0.43, 95%CI (0.20, 0.65), p = 0.0002, n = 10] were found after HIIT intervention. In addition, sub-analyses results suggest that ESs were moderated by the type, duration and frequency, as well as the length of the HIIT intervention. Conclusions: HIIT may be a promising way to improve overall subjective SQ and objective SE. PROSPERO, protocol registration number: CRD42021241734.

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“…Currently, IT related studies have been applied using stimulus intensities above metabolic and ventilatory thresholds, such as training with high-intensity intervals. Also, studies have used IT assessing individuals of different ages and objectives for physiological analyzes [28][29][30]. Therefore, currently, there is little research using IT at intensities below the physiological thresholds, for example, anaerobic and ventilatory threshold 2 [31], especially for the elderly.…”

Section: License Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Effects of Different Intensities of Interval Training on Hemodynamic, Autonomic and Cardiorespiratory Variables of Physically Active Elderly People

Sant'Ana

Vianna

Ribeiro

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Interval training is an important strategy for promoting physiological adaptations. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the chronic effects of interval training (TI) with different intensities on hemodynamic, autonomic and cardiorespiratory variables of physically active elderly people. Methods Twenty-four physically active older men (age: 68.8 ± 6.8 years, body mass: 74.4 ± 18.1 kg, height: 170 ± 8 m, body mass index: 25.1 ± 2.2 kg / m²) participated in the study. Participants were randomized into three experimental groups: training group A (TGA, n = 8), training group B (TGB, n = 8), and control group (GC, n = 8). TGA and TGB groups performed 32 training sessions separated by a 48-hour interval. TGA showed 4-min with intensity relative to 55 to 60% of the HRmax and 1-min at 70 to 75% of the HRmax. TGB training group performed the same protocol but performed 4-min at 45 to 50% HRmax and 1-min at 60 to 65% HRmax. Both training groups performed each series for six times, totaling 30-min per session. The evaluations were carried out in the pre (baseline) moments after the 16th and 32nd intervention sessions. GC only carried out assessments. Hemodynamic variables (HRR, SBP, DBP, MBP, and DP), autonomic (HRV indices, in the time and frequency domain), and cardiorespiratory (VO2max estimated) variables were evaluated. Results There were no statistically significant differences in comparisons between protocols and moments (p > 0.05). However, the size of the effect and the percentage delta indicated clinical results with relevant magnitudes between protocols and moments, indicating favorable responses to the IT intervention in hemodynamic, autonomic, and cardiorespiratory variables. Conclusion IT can be an essential strategy in the prescription of training for conditional improvement of variables of cardioprotective function in physically active and healthy older people. However, other studies are suggested to establish the efficiency of this method for cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory variables in the elderly.

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High Intensity Interval Training Does Not Have Compensatory Effects on Physical Activity Levels in Older Adults

Cited by 17 publications

References 48 publications

High-Intensity Interval Training in Older Adults: a Scoping Review

High-Intensity Interval Training in Older Adults: a Scoping Review

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Sleep: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Chronic Effects of Different Intensities of Interval Training on Hemodynamic, Autonomic and Cardiorespiratory Variables of Physically Active Elderly People

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