High Incidence of Diseases Endemic to the Amazon Region of Brazil, 2001–2006

Penna, Gerson Oliveira; Pinto, Luiz Felipe; Soranz, Daniel; Glatt, Ruth

doi:10.3201/eid1504.081329

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Supervised administration is still very important to ensure treatment, prevent disability, and control possible adverse effects, avoiding treatment abandonment or even helping patients who had interrupted treatment to resume it in a timely manner. 15,16,17 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adverse effects of alternative therapy (minocycline, ofloxacin, and clofazimine) in multibacillary leprosy patients in a recognized health care unit in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

Maia

Cunha

Cunha³

2013

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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BACKGROUND:After the introduction of the multidrug therapy, there was a decline in the coefficients of prevalence and detection of new cases of leprosy. However, the records of drug resistance and relapses are threatening factors in leprosy control. Hence, new alternative schemes and monitoring of adverse effects to avoid treatment abandonment are important considerations. OBJECTIVE:Describe the side effects of a multidrug regimen containing minocycline, ofloxacin, and clofazimine in multibacillary leprosy patients.METHODS:We conducted a prospective, descriptive, and observational study with multibacillary patients, including cases of intolerance to standard MDT and relapses. The study was carried out at Fundação Alfredo da Matta (Alfredo da Matta Foundation), in Manaus, Amazonas, from April 2010 to January 2012. The patients received alternative therapy, which consisted of daily self-administered doses of 100mg of minocycline, 400 mg of ofloxacin, and 50mg of clofazimine and a supervised monthly dose of 300mg of clofazimine for six months, followed by eighteen months of daily doses of ofloxacin 400mg, clofazimine 50mg, and a supervised monthly dose of clofazimine 300mg. Results: Twenty-one cases were included. Mild and transitory side effects occurred in 33.3% of patients. Of the total episodes, 45.9% were attributed to ofloxacin and they included abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, headache, and insomnia; 21.6% were due to clofazimine, with 100% of patients presenting skin pigmentation. The mean time for the development of adverse effects after beginning the therapy was 15.2 days. CONCLUSION:All patients tolerated the drugs well, and compliance was satisfactory, with no serious events. Unlike other standard MDT studies had shown, no treatment was stopped due to side effects. Nevertheless, patient follow-up and studies with bigger samples are necessary to guarantee the efficacy and safety of the alternative regimen as a second-line scheme in multi-drug therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, complete removal of fragments of bacilli depends on cellular immunity, which is depressed or absent in multibacillary leprosy patients, causing risk of erythema nodosum leprosum and manifestation of disability. 15,17 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse effects of alternative therapy (minocycline, ofloxacin, and clofazimine) in multibacillary leprosy patients in a recognized health care unit in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

Maia

Cunha

Cunha³

2013

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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“…Deve-se ressaltar ainda que, mesmo com o aumento explosivo do número de casos e com o aumento do percentual de P. falciparum, a letalidade total nunca foi superior a 0,02%, o que vem ao encontro da redução da mortalidade por malária em todo o país nas últimas décadas. Sob certo aspecto, isso reflete a relativa eficácia de algumas ações de controle (26). No período estudado, de 11 anos estudados, houve uma tendência de diminuição da infecção por P. falciparum, ainda que não significativa, provavelmente em função da maior queda apenas nos últimos 2 anos, depois da introdução de artesunato/mefloquina, ainda que o impacto isolado dessa medida não possa ser avaliado com base nos dados apresentados.…”

Section: Figura 4 Mapa Hidrográfico De Cruzeiro Do Sul E Redondezasunclassified

Malária em Cruzeiro do Sul (Amazônia Ocidental brasileira): análise da série histórica de 1998 a 2008

Costa¹,

Almeida²,

Magalhães³

et al. 2010

Rev Panam Salud Publica

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Objetivo. Descrever as características epidemiológicas da malária e seus principais determinantes no Município de Cruzeiro do Sul, no Estado do Acre, Brasil, entre 1998 Conclusões. O incentivo a atividades econômicas em áreas periurbanas de transmissão instável de malária, típicas da América Latina, deve ser muito bem planejado. O controle da malária em Cruzeiro do Sul baseou-se em estratégias integradas implementadas simultaneamente pelos governos federal, estadual e municipal, como preconizado pelo Plano Nacional de Controle da Malária. É importante ressaltar a utilidade de um bom sistema de informação como o SIVEP-Malária para estimar a carga de doença e monitorar de forma eficiente o impacto das intervenções.Malária; estudos epidemiológicos; incidência; piscicultura; Brasil. RESUMOAtualmente, a malária é a mais incidente doença parasitária do mundo. Estima-se que o número de casos novos a cada ano chegue a 250 milhões, com 880 mil mortes. Aproximadamente metade da população mundial está exposta à infecção, especialmente pessoas que vivem em países pobres (1).Desde que o governo brasileiro se voltou para a organização dos planos de intervenção sanitária na Amazônia, essa

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“…4 Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis is the most prevalent parasite in the region. 9 The city of Manaus is the largest human settlement located within the Amazon rain forest, with a population of approximately 1.7 million inhabitants. Early descriptions indicated that ATL is transmitted to human beings either within or in regions surrounding rain forest 10 or in the peridomiciles of those individuals living in the outskirts of the city.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained Presence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Urban Manaus, the Largest Human Settlement in the Amazon

Benício

Cordeiro

Monteiro

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The Amazon is responsible for approximately 40% of the American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) in Brazil. Herein the sustained presence of ATL in Manaus, the largest settlement in the Amazon, was investigated. Records of notification of historic cases, and data from cases prospectively enrolled in the Tropical Medicine Foundation of the Amazonas State were used. Geographic coordinates of prospective patients' living sites were used to detect innercity clusters of ATL. Infecting Leishmania species was determined by polymerase chain reaction. Among prospectively enrolled subjects, 94.8% were infected with Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis, 76.7% were male, 30.2% were 0-20 years old, and 69.8% had an urban residence. Historic cases showed a profile similar to that of prospectively enrolled subjects. Several clusters of ATL, widely distributed within the city of Manaus, could be detected. In conclusion, there was a high frequency of disease in young age groups and cases clustered in urban neighborhoods. It cannot be determined from these data whether transmission of these cases occurred within or outside the city of Manaus.

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High Incidence of Diseases Endemic to the Amazon Region of Brazil, 2001–2006

Cited by 41 publications

References 11 publications

Adverse effects of alternative therapy (minocycline, ofloxacin, and clofazimine) in multibacillary leprosy patients in a recognized health care unit in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

Adverse effects of alternative therapy (minocycline, ofloxacin, and clofazimine) in multibacillary leprosy patients in a recognized health care unit in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

Malária em Cruzeiro do Sul (Amazônia Ocidental brasileira): análise da série histórica de 1998 a 2008

Sustained Presence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Urban Manaus, the Largest Human Settlement in the Amazon

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