High Homeopathic Potencies Are Different from Potentized Solvent when Investigated with the REDEM Technology

Abstract

Objective: To determine in a series of randomized blinded experiments using the REDEM technology whether differences between high homeopathic potencies and similarly potentized solvent can be detected. Design and Analysis: A REDEM device was employed as a black box. Samples were measured in a capacitor that was connected to 60 individual oscillator circuits at frequencies between 250 and 930 KHz; their oscillation damping was recorded. In two experiments (3 and 4 replications) stable differences between a potentized ‘mother tincture’ and potentized solvent were assessed. Statistical analysis was done using ANCOVA. Results: Significant differences (p < 0.01) between remedy and control were found, mostly at the same oscillator frequencies. Those differences found for only one remedy always were at frequencies adjacent to frequencies with differences for other remedies. Visual analysis: Where output curves were not near 0, remedy values were higher than controls. Curves within a replication ran parallel, their distances varied. Between replications, curve shapes and remedy- control differences were similar, however, control curves varied in height. Control and remedy curves between experiments varied in shape. Effects increased with time and sample conductivity. Ethanol 43% as solvent eliminated the observed effects, use of polyethylene containers considerably attenuated them. Conclusions: A probably physical difference was seen between potentized homeopathic remedies and potentized solvent. The differences are associated with sample age, solvent, and container material. The REDEM technology requires further investigation to determine the nature of the underlying mechanisms of the observed differences.

The Role of Trace Elements in Homeopathic Preparations and the Influence of Container Material, Storage Duration, and Potentisation

“…Further potentising or another day of material contact produced no significant changes. The experiments were performed to confirm and quantify the expected contamination, to determine what type of controls equalled homeopathic remedies regarding the concentration of trace elements, and thus to establish appropriate controls for further investigations [24,29]. Our equipment and materials were the same as used in standard pharmaceutical production.…”

“…One of our investigators (CW) had repeatedly found differences between mother tincture potencies and potentised ABD using a black box device. The investigated samples were of exactly the same kind as the samples of the present analysis regarding ABD source, used materials, preparation, and sample ages [24,29]. The output of the device was generally higher in samples similar to those showing higher contamination in the ICP-MS analysis.…”

High-dilution effects revisited. 2. Pharmacodynamic mechanisms

“…If the problem is couched in physical and not merely in chemical terms, it is very likely that any such explanation must necessarily take into account the sensitivity of living systems to small energies like those carried by EM fields. 109,110 In this context, the emerging bioelectromagnetic paradigm will have an important role because it re-evaluates an important form of long-range communication, not only at intermolecular but also at supramolecular levels of organization of biological systems.…”

Reporting experiments in homeopathic basic research (REHBaR) – A detailed guideline for authors

“…Given these, solitary remedy-control differences being adjacent to differences for more than one remedy are very unlikely to identify a remedy, therefore we did not calculate differences between experiments. 44 .In this paper we show that various chemical stressors at concentrations that do not exert any effect on tolerance development or hsp synthesis in control cells are able to stimulate these parameters when applied to heat-treated cells. In previous work we showed that under specific circumstances a low dose of a stressor is able to exert a stimulatory action in cells that had been previously treated with a high dose of the same agent.…”