High Grade (Large Cell) Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Nasopharynx: Novel Case Report with Touch Preparation Cytology and Positive EBV Encoded Early RNA

Abstract

Fewer than five case reports of primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nasopharynx are known to the authors. No previous reports have included examples of cytomorphology or have proven association with Epstein-Barr virus. We herein illustrate MRI findings, histopathologic features, immunohistochemical characterization, cytologic details, and in situ hybridization studies from a unique case of primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nasopharynx in a 38-year-old Caucasian male patient. Recognition of rare tumor types of the nasopharynx allows for refinements in disease management and prognostication.

Colorectal large‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with lymphoid stroma: further evidence confirming a unique subtype associated with MLH1/PMS2 loss, BRAF mutation, Epstein–Barr virus negativity, and the possibility of a better prognosis

“…5 This particular study did not examine the EBV status of the neuroendocrine carcinomas with MSI. 6 The three cases described herein belong to this unique subtype of pure LCNEC. Despite showing lymphovascular invasion and lymph node spread, the three patients that we document had longer survival periods than the average survival periods associated with LCNEC.…”

“…In a follow‐up study, the neuroendocrine carcinomas with MSI (including six LCNECs) also showed BRAF mutations . This particular study did not examine the EBV status of the neuroendocrine carcinomas with MSI …”

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the maxillary sinus on fine needle aspiration cytology: Report of a rare case with a focus on pitfalls in diagnosis

“…[4][5][6] The 2017 World Health Organization criteria and classification system for neuroendocrine tumors of head and neck regions was modified so that LCNEC is classified as poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, a new disease entity separate from atypical carcinoid. 9 We report a case of LCNEC arising from the maxillary sinus, for which the preoperative cytological diagnosis was difficult, and discuss the diagnostic pitfalls and difficulties in differential diagnosis between 9 We report a case of LCNEC arising from the maxillary sinus, for which the preoperative cytological diagnosis was difficult, and discuss the diagnostic pitfalls and difficulties in differential diagnosis between …”

“…9 We report a case of LCNEC arising from the maxillary sinus, for which the preoperative cytological diagnosis was difficult, and discuss the diagnostic pitfalls and difficulties in differential diagnosis between LCNEC and other head and neck lesions with similar cytological findings.A 60-year-old man with right-sided face pain presented with swelling at the right cheek, and complained of right nasal obstruction and lacrimation. We report a case of LCNEC causing difficulty in cytological diagnosis.…”

“…9 We report a case of LCNEC arising from the maxillary sinus, for which the preoperative cytological diagnosis was difficult, and discuss the diagnostic pitfalls and difficulties in differential diagnosis between LCNEC and other head and neck lesions with similar cytological findings. 7,8 Cytological diagnosis of LCNEC is important for differential diagnosis from other head and neck tumors with solid growth, however, there have been few reports regarding the cytological features of head and neck LCNEC on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).…”