High-frequency sound components of high-resolution audio are not detected in auditory sensory memory

Nittono, Hiroshi

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78889-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This study thus set out to present BB stimulations without any other auditory factors by using a high-frequency wave of 18,000 Hz as the baseline frequency. Stimulations using inaudible high-frequency waves generally have no significant effect on the brainwave [ 17 , 18 ] ; therefore, the effect of only BB stimulations on brainwave induction could be verified. The findings of this study are significant because the effect of only BB is determined without the potential influence of auditory perception, which has been overlooked in previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of binaural beat in the inaudible band on EEG (STROBE)

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to determine the effects of the binaural beat (BB) on brainwave induction using an inaudible baseline frequency outside the audible frequency range. Experiments were conducted on 18 subjects (11 males [mean age: 25.7 ± 1.6 years] and 7 females [mean age: 24.0 ± 0.6 years]). A BB stimulation of 10 Hz was exerted by presenting frequencies of 18,000 Hz and 18,010 Hz to the left and right ears, respectively. A power spectrum analysis was performed to estimate the mean of the absolute power of the alpha frequency range (8–13 Hz). The variation in the mean alpha power during the rest and stimulation phases in each brain area was compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Compared to the rest phase, the stimulation phase with BB showed an increasing trend in the mean alpha power across all 5 brain areas. Notably, a significant increase was found in the frontal, central, and temporal areas. This is a significant study in that it determines the effects of only BB without the influence of auditory perception, which has been overlooked in previous studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of binaural beat in the inaudible band on EEG (STROBE)

et al. 2022

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“…When stimuli are presented randomly, one‐fifth of the stimuli would be expected in each phase. In a previous study using a similar participant pool and a similar experimental protocol (e.g., deviance probability of .2 and onset‐to‐onset interval of 500 ms), 1000 stimuli were presented to obtain at least 150 artifact‐free trials for deviant stimuli (Nittono, 2020). In the present study, we conducted 5000 trials, that is, five times more than in the previous study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to guidelines and previous studies (Duncan et al., 2009; Nittono, 2020), participants whose number of averaged trials either at systole or at diastole was less than 150 were excluded from the analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the cardiac cycle on auditory processing: A preregistered study on mismatch negativity

Li,

Ishida,

Mizuhara

et al. 2023

Psychophysiology

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The systolic and diastolic phases of the cardiac cycle are known to affect perception and cognition differently. Higher order processing tends to be facilitated at systole, whereas sensory processing of external stimuli tends to be impaired at systole compared to diastole. The current study aims to examine whether the cardiac cycle affects auditory deviance detection, as reflected in the mismatch negativity (MMN) of the event‐related brain potential (ERP). We recorded the intensity deviance response to deviant tones (70 dB) presented among standard tones (60 or 80 dB, depending on blocks) and calculated the MMN by subtracting standard ERP waveforms from deviant ERP waveforms. We also assessed intensity‐dependent N1 and P2 amplitude changes by subtracting ERPs elicited by soft standard tones (60 dB) from ERPs elicited by loud standard tones (80 dB). These subtraction methods were used to eliminate phase‐locked cardiac‐related electric artifacts that overlap auditory ERPs. The endogenous MMN was expected to be larger at systole, reflecting the facilitation of memory‐based auditory deviance detection, whereas the exogenous N1 and P2 would be smaller at systole, reflecting impaired exteroceptive sensory processing. However, after the elimination of cardiac‐related artifacts, there were no significant differences between systole and diastole in any ERP components. The intensity‐dependent N1 and P2 amplitude changes were not obvious in either cardiac phase, probably because of the short interstimulus intervals. The lack of a cardiac phase effect on MMN amplitude suggests that preattentive auditory processing may not be affected by bodily signals from the heart.

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“…This indicates that stimulation may have been too weak to reliably elicit a hearing impression and/or brain effects, since stimuli were applied via a loudspeaker 135 cm in front of the participants at only 60 dB SPL. Nittono [ 24 ] conducted an EEG study, in which the cortical response towards high-frequency components of high-resolution audio was compared to similar sounds without these components, yet no differences were detected. Again, since the participants’ mean HT was only 17,316 Hz and the test stimuli (a 11- and a 22-kHz high-cut sound) were delivered via loudspeakers 120 cm in front of the participants with an SPL of 62 dB, the 22-kHz stimulus may have been too weak to produce measurable effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air-conducted ultrasound below the hearing threshold elicits functional changes in the cognitive control network

Weichenberger

Bug²,

Brühl³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Air-conducted ultrasound (> 17.8 kHz; US) is produced by an increasing number of technical devices in our daily environment. While several studies indicate that exposure to US in public spaces can lead to subjective symptoms such as ‘annoyance’ or ‘difficulties in concentration’, the effects of US on brain activity are poorly understood. In the present study, individual hearing thresholds (HT) for sounds in the US frequency spectrum were assessed in 21 normal-hearing participants. The effects of US were then investigated by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). 15 of these participants underwent three resting-state acquisitions, two with a 21.5 kHz tone presented monaurally at 5 dB above (ATC) and 10 dB below (BTC) the HT and one without auditory stimulation (NTC), as well as three runs of an n-back working memory task involving similar stimulus conditions (n-ATC, n-BTC, n-NTC). Comparing data gathered during n-NTC vs. fixation, we found that task performance was associated with the recruitment of regions within the cognitive control network, including prefrontal and parietal areas as well as the cerebellum. Direct contrasts of the two stimulus conditions (n-ATC & n-BTC) vs. n-NTC showed no significant differences in brain activity, irrespective of whether a whole-brain or a region of interest approach with primary auditory cortex as the seed was used. Likewise, no differences were found when the resting-state runs were compared. However, contrast analysis (n-BTC vs. n-ATC) revealed a strong activation in bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, triangular part) only when US was presented below the HT (p < 0.001, cluster > 30). In addition, IFG activation was also associated with faster reaction times during n-BTC (p = 0.033) as well as with verbal reports obtained after resting-state, i.e., the more unpleasant sound was perceived during BTC vs. ATC, the higher activation in bilateral IFG was and vice versa (p = 0.003). While this study provides no evidence for activation of primary auditory cortex in response to audible US (even though participants heard the sounds), it indicates that US can lead to changes in the cognitive control network and affect cognitive performance only when presented below the HT. Activation of bilateral IFG could reflect an increase in cognitive demand when focusing on task performance in the presence of slightly unpleasant and/or distracting US that may not be fully controllable by attentional mechanisms.

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High-frequency sound components of high-resolution audio are not detected in auditory sensory memory

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of binaural beat in the inaudible band on EEG (STROBE)

Effect of binaural beat in the inaudible band on EEG (STROBE)

Effects of the cardiac cycle on auditory processing: A preregistered study on mismatch negativity

Air-conducted ultrasound below the hearing threshold elicits functional changes in the cognitive control network

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