High energy ultracapacitor based on carbon xerogel electrodes and sodium sulfate electrolyte

Staiti, P.; Arenillas, A.; Lufrano, F.; Menéndez, J.Á.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.04.056

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…as an entire piece of carbon [6,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Cells having carbon monoliths as electrodes have a number of advantages over those comprising compacted powder pellets made from powder carbon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 4 carbon monoliths are isotropic materials; however, some monoliths are anisotropic and show carbon walls and channels, both aligned along a specific direction of the monolith [21]. The main drawback of the carbon monoliths is their low density, typically lower than 0.5-0.6 g cm -3 [2,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Consequently, their volumetric capacitance is usually low, below 100 F cm -3 in aqueous electrolytes and below 50 F cm -3 in organic ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The usual procedures to prepare porous carbon monoliths are: (i) From carbonization of gels obtained from several carbon precursors and catalysts [1,2,[11][12][13][14][15]18,24,25,29,31], (ii) From carbonization of gels having a "template" that is removed either thermally during carbonization, or chemically by reaction with specific reagents [4,8,23], (iii) From infiltration of an inorganic monolith with a carbon precursor followed by carbonization of the precursor and removal of the inorganic template [8,9,13,30], (iv)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The contribution of sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of microporous carbon monoliths

Barranco

García-Gómez

Kunowsky

et al. 2014

Journal of Power Sources

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The monoliths studied in this work show large specific surface areas (up to 1600 m 2 g -1 ), high densities (up to 1.17 g cm -3) and high electrical conductivities (up to 9.5 S cm -1 ). They are microporous carbons with pore sizes up to 1.3 nm but most of them below 0.75 nm. They also show oxygen functionalities. The electrochemical behavior of the monoliths is studied in three-electrode cells with aqueous H 2 SO 4 solution as electrolyte. This work deals with the contribution of the sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of carbon monoliths having different surface areas and different contents of oxygen groups. Protons contribute with a pseudocapacitance (up to 152 F g ); both capacitances increase as the surface area increases. The preference of protons to be electroadsorbed at the double layer and the broader voltage window of these ions account for their higher contribution (70 %) to the double layer capacitance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The contribution of sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of microporous carbon monoliths

Barranco

García-Gómez

Kunowsky

et al. 2014

Journal of Power Sources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Then, the gravimetric capacitances must be determined in the potential windows ranging from the open circuit potential and the limiting stability potentials of each electrode. If the strategy is implemented successfully, it will be possible to extend the operating voltage by forcing both electrodes to reach a potential close to their stability limits, as seen in who reported the development of this kind of supercapacitor in neutral media and achieved 1.9 V (Chae and Chen, 2012), and Staiti et al, who optimized the mass ratio of xerogel carbon electrodes in sodium sulfate supercapacitor cells for achieving 1.8 V (Staiti et al, 2012). In both studies, durability tests consisting in a large number of GCD experiments were performed for assessing the degree of success achieved with this strategy.…”

Section: Principles For the Asymmetric Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Activated Carbon/Activated Carbon Asymmetric Capacitors

et al. 2016

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Supercapacitors are energy storage devices that offer a high power density and a low energy density in comparison with batteries. Their limited energy density can be overcome by using asymmetric configuration in mass electrodes, where each electrode works within their maximum available potential window, rendering the maximum voltage output of the system. Such asymmetric capacitors are optimized using the capacitance and the potential stability limits of the electrodes, with the reliability of the design largely depending on the accuracy and the approach taken for the electrochemical characterization. Therefore, the performance could be lower than expected and even the system could break down, if a well thought out procedure is not followed.In this work, a procedure for the development of asymmetric supercapacitors based on activated carbons is detailed. Three activated carbon materials with different textural properties and surface chemistry have been systematically characterized in neutral aqueous electrolyte. The asymmetric configuration of the masses of both electrodes in the supercapacitor has allowed to cover a higher potential window, resulting in an increase of the energy density of the three devices studied when compared with the symmetric systems, and an improved cycle life.

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“…[49][50][51][52][53][54][55] Comparing the aqueous electrolytes of acidic, basic and neutral nature in presence of carbon-based electrodes, the working potential window seems to be slightly narrower than 1.0 V for the acidic and basic electrolytes and 1.6-2.2 V for the neutral electrolytes. [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72] The specific capacitance seems to be higher for the acidic than for the basic electrolyte and higher for the basic than for the neutral electrolyte. 57-61, 63-67, 70, 71 A pseudo capacitance in addition to the double layer capacitance has been reported for the three types of aqueous electrolytes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Contribution of Cations and Anions of Aqueous Electrolytes to the Charge Stored at the Electric Electrolyte/Electrode Interface of Carbon-Based Supercapacitors

et al. 2017

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For their use in supercapacitors, aqueous electrolytes of acidic (H 2 SO 4 ), neutral (Na 2 SO 4 , K 2 SO 4 ) and basic (NaOH, KOH) nature are studied, using two microporous binder-free and self-standing carbon cloths as electrodes. The carbon cloths show similar porosities and specific surface areas, but different contents in surface oxygen groups. The working potential window and the specific capacitance associated with the cations and anions are measured. From these parameters, the charges stored by the cations and anions at the electric electrolyte/electrode interface are deduced. The charge stored by the cations is higher than that stored by the anions for the three types of electrolytes. The differences between cations and anions are higher for the acidic and basic electrolyte than for the neutral electrolytes, and also higher for the carbon cloth with the highest content in surface oxygen groups. The charge stored by the cations follows the sequence H 3 O + > Na + or K + from the basic electrolytes > Na + or K + from the neutral electrolytes. The charge stored by the anions follows the sequence SO 4 2-The results here reported provide a better understanding on the electric double layer of carbon-based supercapacitors. Those results are also of interest for asymmetric and hybrid supercapacitors.

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High energy ultracapacitor based on carbon xerogel electrodes and sodium sulfate electrolyte

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

The contribution of sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of microporous carbon monoliths

The contribution of sulfate ions and protons to the specific capacitance of microporous carbon monoliths

Design of Activated Carbon/Activated Carbon Asymmetric Capacitors

Contribution of Cations and Anions of Aqueous Electrolytes to the Charge Stored at the Electric Electrolyte/Electrode Interface of Carbon-Based Supercapacitors

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