High-Efficiency and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Prepared Using Chlorobenzene/Acetonitrile Antisolvent

Abstract

Preparing high-quality perovskite film with large grain size and fewer trap states is of vital importance in boosting the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, it is still difficult to obtain perfect MAPbI 3 films by antisolvent treatment so far because of the small grain size, pinholes, and numerous defects in perovskite layers. Herein, acetonitrile (ACN) was introduced into chlorobenzene (CB) antisolvent to modify the MAPbI 3 active layer. The results show that the ACN could control the ratio of the DMSO in MAI−PbI 2 −DMSO intermediate phase film effectively and thus manipulate the formation of MAPbI 3 film. Relatively high-quality perovskite films with larger grain size were obtained when we added 6% v/v ACN into CB antisolvent. Based on the ACN-modified MAPbI 3 film, the n-i-p planar device with the structure of FTO/SnO 2 /MAPbI 3 / spiro-OMeTAD/Ag yields the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.9%. It exhibited an enhancement of 16.6% in efficiency compared with the PCE of 16.2% for the control device. In addition, the device based on ACN-modified MAPbI 3 also presents improved stability in air atmosphere.

A Nontoxic Bifunctional (Anti)Solvent as Digestive‐Ripening Agent for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

“…At the same time, part of organic components (e.g., methylammonium iodide (MAI)) in perovskite precursors tends to evaporate rather than form a perovskite phase during annealing procedure, due to the high volatility and instability of MAI, thus the perovskite evolves into PbI 2 and loses its excellent photovoltaic properties over time 28–32. This tangled problem can be partially mitigated by using mixed‐(anti)solvent system to regulate perovskite films growth dynamic, such as CB/isopropyl alcohol,33 CB/ethanol,34 CB/acetonitrile,35 and EA/hexane 36. These studies found that the percentage and solubility of additive solvents in mixed‐(anti)solvent system contribute to manipulate the morphology of the perovskite active layers 34.…”

Multifunctional Additive of Potassium Cinnamate Improve Crystallization and Passivate Defect for Perovskite Solar Cell with Efficiency Exceeding 22%

“…Here, n trap can be calculated by following equation. where the ε and L represent the dielectric constant and thickness of perovskite film, respectively, ε 0 is the vacuum permittivity, and e is elementary electric charge. [ 23 ] The V TFL values of the control and 0.5 mg mL −1 doped perovskite film were 0.90 and 0.41 V, respectively. The corresponding n trap can be calculated as 1.86 × 10 16 and 8.47 × 10 15 cm −3 , which further indicated that the defects in perovskite were effectually passivated after PC doping.…”

Advances in Metal Halide Perovskite Film Preparation: The Role of Anti‐Solvent Treatment

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 55 ] Copyright 2019, ACS Publishing Group. d) Schematic illustration of the function of continuous gas blowing during spin‐coating and water/CB post‐treatment.…”

“…first reported the addition of a small amount of ACN into CB for the anti‐solvent treatment during the fabrication of MAPbI 3 films. [ 55 ] When treated by the ACN/CB mixed anti‐solvents, the resultant MAPbI 3 film exhibits larger grain size as shown in Figure 4c, and a best PCE of 18.9% with less hysteresis. Through a combination of anti‐solvent treatment and gas blowing, Wu et al.…”