High dose alcohol consumption predicts less reduction in post-traumatic stress symptoms after a campus mass shooting

Holzman, Jacob B.; Valentiner, David P.; Hannan, Susan M.; Wallace, Douglas G.

doi:10.1080/10615806.2017.1348297

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Two candidate mechanisms for the maintenance of PTSD symptoms are inhibitory control (DeGutis et al, 2015;Crocker et al 2018;Samuelson et al 2020) and alcohol use (Jacobsen, Southwick, and Kosten 2001;Norman et al 2012;Holzman et al, 2017;Fortier et al, 2021). Inhibitory control is a core executive function defined as the ability to control one's attention, behavior, thoughts, and/or emotions to override a strong internal predisposition or external lure (Diamond, 2013).…”

Section: Inhibitory Control Alcohol Use and The Chronicity Of Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Control and Alcohol Use History Predict Changes in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

DeGutis¹,

Agnoli²,

Gaudet³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent and disabling condition occurring frequently among Veterans. However, among those diagnosed with PTSD, predictors of changes in PTSD symptoms over time remain incompletely characterized. In the current study, we examined 187 post-9/11 Veterans (Mean baseline age = 32.8 years, 87% male) diagnosed with PTSD who participated in two extensive clinical and cognitive evaluations approximately two years apart. Our analyses focused on the association between baseline measures predicting both continuous changes in PTSD symptoms and differences between groups with Improved, Chronic, and Worsened PTSD symptoms, defined by applying clinically meaningful and reliable change approaches. We found that better baseline inhibitory control (Color-Word Inhibition and Inhibition/Switching) and lower lifetime drinking history independently predicted greater PTSD symptom improvements over the two-year period, though current drinking and other clinical and cognitive variables were not significant predictors. Consistent with this, the Improved, Worsened, and Chronic PTSD groups demonstrated significant differences in baseline inhibitory control performance and lifetime drinking history, with the largest differences in drinking behavior in the early-to-mid 20s. We also found that PTSD symptom improvements were not significantly associated with improvements in inhibitory control or appreciable reductions in alcohol use. Together, these findings suggest that alcohol use and inhibitory control may reflect clinically important pre-existing factors rather than effects of PTSD symptomatology. These findings have implications for the treatment of PTSD, including monitoring vulnerable individuals at risk for more chronic PTSD and novel interventions targeting inhibitory control.

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Section: Inhibitory Control Alcohol Use and The Chronicity Of Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Control and Alcohol Use History Predict Changes in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

DeGutis¹,

Agnoli²,

Gaudet³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Inhibitory Control, Alcohol Use, and the Chronicity of PTSD Two candidate mechanisms for the maintenance of PTSD symptoms are inhibitory control (Crocker et al, 2018;DeGutis et al, 2015;Samuelson et al, 2020) and alcohol use (Fortier et al, 2021;Holzman et al, 2017;Jacobsen et al, 2001;Norman et al, 2012). Inhibitory control is a core executive function defined as the ability to control one's attention, behavior, thoughts, and/or emotions to override a strong internal predisposition or external lure (Diamond, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory control and alcohol use history predict changes in posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.

DeGutis,

Agnoli,

Gaudet

et al. 2023

Neuropsychology

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Objective: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with significant disability and can become chronic. Predictors of PTSD symptom changes over time, especially in those with a PTSD diagnosis, remain incompletely characterized. Method: In the present study, we examined 187 post-9/11 veterans (M age = 32.8 years, 87% male) diagnosed with PTSD who performed two extensive clinical and cognitive evaluations approximately 2 years apart. Results: We found that greater PTSD symptom reductions over time were related to lower lifetime drinking history and better baseline inhibitory control ability (Color-Word Inhibition and Inhibition/Switching), though not performance on other executive function tasks. Further, groups with reliably Improved, Worsened, or Chronic PTSD symptoms demonstrated significant differences in baseline inhibitory control and lifetime drinking history, with marked drinking differences starting in the early-to-mid 20s. We also found that PTSD symptom changes showed little-to-no associations with changes in inhibitory control or alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Together, these findings suggest that, in those diagnosed with PTSD, inhibitory control and alcohol use history reflect relatively stable risk/resiliency factors predictive of PTSD chronicity.Key Points curation and writing-review and editing. Michael Esterman played a supporting role in supervision and writing-review and editing.

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Mental health after mass shootings

Lowe

Bonumwezi

Valdespino‐Hayden

et al. 2023

Encyclopedia of Mental Health

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High dose alcohol consumption predicts less reduction in post-traumatic stress symptoms after a campus mass shooting

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Inhibitory Control and Alcohol Use History Predict Changes in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

Inhibitory Control and Alcohol Use History Predict Changes in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

Inhibitory control and alcohol use history predict changes in posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.

Mental health after mass shootings

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