High-density tungsten fabricated by selective laser melting: Densification, microstructure, mechanical and thermal performance

Wen, Shifeng; Wang, Chong; Zhou, Yan; Duan, Lijie; Wei, Qingsong; Yang, Shoufeng; Shi, Yusheng

doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.03.018

Cited by 87 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…fabricated pure tungsten samples with a relative density of 98.5% using SLM. Recent literature also revealed that nearly full‐dense tungsten could be prepared by SLM. In view of the characteristics of SLM, however, the manufacture of high melting point tungsten still faces some technical challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Laser Melting and Remelting of Pure Tungsten

et al. 2020

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The processing of pure tungsten encounters a substantial challenge due to its high melting point and intrinsic brittleness. Selective laser melting (SLM) technique is gaining popularity and offers an excellent processing approach for refractory metals. Herein, dense pure tungsten specimens are produced by optimizing SLM processing parameters. The mechanical property of the SLM‐produced tungsten with an ultimate compressive strength of about 1200 MPa, which is obviously superior to that reported in other literature, is achieved. The increased laser energy input is instrumental in raising density and surface roughness of tungsten specimens. Interestingly, additional remelting of processed layers during SLM improves the surface quality and the microstructure and achieves the highest relative density (98.4% ± 0.5%). After laser remelting, the surface roughness is reduced by 28% and a large number of fine grains are obtained. The flow of fluids caused by remelting plays a decisive role in the formation of fine grains and the defect level. Therefore, these findings offer a new insight into SLM of pure tungsten.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Balling phenomena occur because of the high surface tension of tungsten . On the contrary, cracks also occur due to the presence of oxygen impurities and high‐temperature gradients . All these factors hinder the increase in density of SLM‐processed tungsten.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Laser Melting and Remelting of Pure Tungsten

et al. 2020

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“…Enneti et al [14] investigated the effects of scan speed and hatch spacing on the relative density of SLM pure tungsten, but the highest relative density was only 75%. The relative density of the SLM tungsten prepared by Wen et al [15] reached 98.7%, and they studied the effects of process parameters on the surface morphology, microstructure, and properties of SLM pure tungsten. Similarly, Tan et al [16] also obtained SLM tungsten with a relative density of 98.5% and analyzed the effects of different laser powers and scan speeds on the SLM's surface morphology, microstructure, and properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Densification, Microstructure and Properties of 90W-7Ni-3Fe Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting

Wei

Zhou

et al. 2019

Metals

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The preparation of refractory tungsten and tungsten alloys has always been challenging due to their inherent properties. Selective laser melting (SLM) offers a choice for preparing tungsten and tungsten alloys. In this work, 90W-7Ni-3Fe samples were prepared by selective laser melting and investigated. Different process parameter combinations were designed according to the Taguchi method, and volumetric energy density (VED) was defined. Subsequently, the effects of process parameters on densification, phase composition, microstructure, tensile properties, and microhardness were investigated. Nearly a full densification sample (≥99%) was obtained under optimized process parameters, and the value of VED was no less than 300 J/mm3. Laser power had a dominant influence on densification behavior compared with other parameters. The main phases of 90W-7Ni-3Fe are W and γ-(Ni-Fe), dissolved with partial W. In addition, 90W-7Ni-3Fe showed a high tensile strength (UTS = 1121 MPa) with poor elongation (<1%). A high average microhardness (>400 HV0.3) was obtained, but the microhardness presented a fluctuation along building direction due to the inhomogeneous microstructure.

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“…The dynamic viscosity μ of pure Tungsten was high because of the high melting point, high surface tension, and cohesive energy [16,17]. This leads to a low flowability of the melt pool.…”

Section: Selective Laser Melted Tungstenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tungsten Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Rebesan

Bonesso

Gennari

et al. 2021

Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh

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Additive Manufacturing (AM) is the process that allows the production of complex geometry and lightweight components. Thanks to the high density of refractory metals, AM could be a possible solution for their application in the aerospace field and for biomedical or future nuclear fusion devices. Yet, Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) of refractory metals as Ta, Mo, and W faces some challenges due to their main properties: high melting point, heat conductivity, and susceptibility to cracks.The purpose of this study is to optimize the process parameters in order to produce high-density Tungsten parts by LPBF on an EOS M100 (maximum power of 170 W). The characterization is performed through physical properties measurements and microstructural analysis. Single Scan Tracks (SSTs) are produced on the top surfaces of Tungsten blocks to evaluate the process parameters that give regular-shape and continuous melt-pools. Both analytical and experimental optimizations of process parameters were performed. Micro-hardness measurements were done for dense bulk specimens. Finally, a description of susceptibility to cracks of additively manufactured Tungsten was performed.

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High-density tungsten fabricated by selective laser melting: Densification, microstructure, mechanical and thermal performance

Cited by 87 publications

References 42 publications

Selective Laser Melting and Remelting of Pure Tungsten

Selective Laser Melting and Remelting of Pure Tungsten

Densification, Microstructure and Properties of 90W-7Ni-3Fe Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting

Tungsten Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

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