High contrast laser marking of alumina

Penide, J.; Quintero, F.; Riveiro, A.; Fernández, Adolfo; Val, J. del; Comesaña, R.; Lusquiños, F.; Pou, J.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.10.004

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Some producers use marking to distinguish their original parts. Marking can be completed on plastics and different metals [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. On certain metals and/or alloys, like stainless steels, nickel alloys, chrome plated steel, aluminium and titanium alloys, marks of different colours can be obtained [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marking can be completed on plastics and different metals [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. On certain metals and/or alloys, like stainless steels, nickel alloys, chrome plated steel, aluminium and titanium alloys, marks of different colours can be obtained [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. This effect is generally used in the automotive, electronics, telecommunications and pharmaceutical industries for general consumer goods and high-end products, for decorative purpose and advertising, in the production of jewellery and even art [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

et al. 2019

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In the field of surface treatment, laser colour marking can be used to produce coloured marks on the surfaces of metals. Laser colour markings can be applied to various materials, but on titanium alloys a wide spectra of vivid colours can be achieved. This study presents an analysis of the corrosion properties of laser treated surfaces that were exposed to aggressive environments. Different samples were prepared with laser light of various power intensities and processing speeds. The samples were prepared on low alloyed Ti. Electrochemical, spectroscopic and microstructural analyses were conducted in order to study the properties of the laser treated surfaces. Corrosion testing showed different effects of laser power and production speed on the properties of the laser treated surfaces. It was shown that a high intensity and slow processing rate affect the surfaces by forming oxides that are relatively stable in a corrosive environment of 0.1 M NaCl. Spectroscopic investigations including scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed the differences in chemical structure of the surface layer formed after laser treatment. Similarly, microstructural investigations showed different effects on the surface and sub-surface layer of the laser treated samples. advantages of laser induced oxidation are that the process is non-contact and that the marking of smaller surfaces can be made fast at relatively low cost. The produced markings are very sharp, reproducible and precise. Another benefit is that the process enables flexible change of marking colours on the fly with respect to laser processing parameters [6,[13][14][15][16].Titanium and its alloys have several specific properties, like good strength to weight ratio, high strength, good chemical stability, high temperature stability, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance and resistance to fatigue and wear, and can be heat treated or surface treated in order to achieve particular hardness and strength [11,26].Laser induced oxidation of metals is a gaseous high-temperature corrosion process, where thin layers of oxides or other more complex oxidation formations are formed. With this process, different colours can be produced on the titanium surface. During laser oxidation, titanium oxides are formed at the surface if the marking is carried out in an oxidative atmosphere. Titanium oxides are not expensive, biocompatible, non-toxic and mechanically and chemically stable [16]. On the surfaces, there are thin layers present in the form of anatase, brookite, rutile or in the amorphous phase [6,13,16]. In the white light spectrum, they are highly transparent and exhibit a wide spectrum of vivid colours as a result of the interference between white light and the borders between different phases. The obtained colours depend on the thickness of the oxide layer, refractive index and the interference between light and incidence angle [6,13,15,27]. There are many laser parameters, such as pulse duration, pulse repetition rate, pulse en...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

et al. 2019

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“…2 Laser marking is a preferred method of performing DPM to attain permanent and highly contrasted superficial inscriptions on a wide variety of materials, ranging from glass, ceramics and wood to plastics and metals. [3][4][5][6][7] The vast expertise makes it possible to understand the influence of various material properties and processing parameters on the mark quality. Another factor affecting mark quality is the mark size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and process optimization for laser marking of submillimetre rasterizing 2D code on stainless steel

Liu

Chang

et al. 2020

Int. J. Mod. Phys. B

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The simulation and process optimization for laser marking of submillimetre rasterizing 2D code on stainless steel are investigated. For 50CrVA stainless steel, the temperature field of material during laser marking is obtained by numerical modeling. The results show that temperature change in the depth direction and oxidation degree of laser radiation region are the fundamental reasons for the contrast of 2D code, but the temperature change occurs in the radius direction for the print growth. The threshold of laser average power and [Formula: see text] frequency for an identifiable submillimetre 2D code are, respectively, 3.0 W and 100 KHz, which matches the simulation well within normal operating conditions. It is also found that an increase of the pulses number effectively improves the contrast and the appearance consistency of modules in DM code. Besides, corrosion tests show that the corrosion resistance of submillimetre 2D code is greatly improved by covering a layer of transparent polyurethane coating. Finally, a sample of submillimetre 2D code marked on cylindrical tool with diameter of 1 mm is obtained. In conclusion, the method could obtain submillimetre code with high reading quality and corrosion resistance by minimizing the characteristic edge over-burn effects, which provides theoretical basis and experimental method for identification of small parts.

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“…The surface of a typical laser-irradiated material shows black marking by carbonization, 10 light/white marking by foaming, and color changes by the photothermal reaction. 11 In recent years, laser marking technology has been used in the fields of metals, 12−14 ceramics, 15,16 plastics, 17−19 and wet soft materials. 20,21 Compared with the conventional printing method, laser marking is a fast and flexible process technology and more environmentally friendly, and the contrast and durability are also improved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Fabrication of High-Contrast and Light-Colored Marking on Dark Thermoplastic Polyurethane Materials

Zhang

Dai

et al. 2019

ACS Omega

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In this work, using ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) and zirconium oxide (ZrO2) as laser-sensitive particles and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as the matrix resin, a series of TPU/Fe3O4/ZrO2 composites were prepared by melt blending, and the effect of the laser marking additive content, composition, and laser marking parameters on the laser marking properties of composites was investigated. The laser marking mechanism of Fe3O4/ZrO2 additives and the role of each component in TPU laser marking were studied by metallographic microscopy, color difference test, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a laser sensitizer component, on the one hand, can act as a pigment to make the TPU substrate black and, on the other hand, can absorb laser energy to contribute to the formation of laser markings on TPU composite surfaces. In addition, the introduction of ZrO2 nanoparticles can help absorb the laser energy, while the contrast can be improved to enhance the laser marking performance of the TPU composite. Through thermogravimetric analysis, the changes in the thermally stable properties of TPU composites before and after laser marking were investigated, and the results indicated that Fe3O4/ZrO2 nanoparticles can absorb the laser energy, causing melting and pyrolysis of the TPU backbone at a high temperature, to produce a gaseous product resulting in foaming. Finally, the high-contrast and light-colored markings were formed on the black TPU composite surface. This work provides a facile method for producing high-contrast and light-colored markings on the dark TPU composite surface.

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High contrast laser marking of alumina

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

Influence of Laser Colour Marking on the Corrosion Properties of Low Alloyed Ti

Simulation and process optimization for laser marking of submillimetre rasterizing 2D code on stainless steel

Facile Fabrication of High-Contrast and Light-Colored Marking on Dark Thermoplastic Polyurethane Materials

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