High Cell Diversity and Complex Peptidergic Signaling Underlie Placozoan Behavior

Varoqueaux, Frédérique; Williams, Elizabeth A.; Grandemange, Susie; Truscello, Luca; Kamm, Kai; Schierwater, Bernd; Jékely, Gáspár; Fasshauer, Dirk

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.067

Cited by 101 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In animals, the control of multicellular contractions invariably relies either on the cooperation of multiple cell types (as in adult organisms (55,56,66)) or on complex programmed signaling cascades (as in embryos (37,47,48)). By contrast, C. flexa directly converts sensory stimuli into collective contractions, without observable spatial cell differentiation, and evokes some hypotheses of early animal evolution that envisioned the first contractile tissues as homogeneous myoepithelia of multifunctional sensory-contractile cells (67).…”

Section: The Ancestry Of Apical Constrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-regulated collective contractility in a multicellular choanoflagellate

Brunet

Larson

Linden

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Collective cell contractions that generate global tissue deformations are a signature feature of animal movement and morphogenesis. Nonetheless, the ancestry of collective contractility in animals remains mysterious. While surveying the Caribbean island of Curaçao for choanoflagellates, the closest living relatives of animals, we isolated a previously undescribed species (here named Choanoeca flexa sp. nov.), that forms multicellular cup-shaped colonies. The colonies rapidly invert their curvature in response to changing light levels, which they detect through a rhodopsin-cGMP pathway. Inversion requires actomyosin-mediated apical contractility and allows alternation between feeding and swimming behavior. C. flexa thus rapidly converts sensory inputs directly into multicellular contractions. In this respect, it may inform reconstructions of hypothesized animal ancestors that existed before the evolution of specialized sensory and contractile cells. One Sentence Summary:A newly described choanoflagellate species forms cup-shaped colonies that reversibly invert their curvature in response to light.

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Section: The Ancestry Of Apical Constrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-regulated collective contractility in a multicellular choanoflagellate

Brunet

Larson

Linden

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…In invertebrates, at least 50 different neuropeptide genes have been identified in each species, and each of these display unique expression patterns in cells and tissues [5,6,35,[38][39][40][41]. Much of this complexity was unveiled fairly recently by whole genome and transcriptome sequencing of quite a few model and non-model organisms [see e. g. [30,32,33,[42][43][44][45][46]]. At first, the massive amount of new information mined from sequence databases was daunting, but with the rapid development of powerful genetic and imaging tools much experimental progress has been made to increase the understanding of the multiple functions of neuropeptides, especially in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans [see [39,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]] and the fly Drosophila melanogaster (as will be discussed in this review) and more recently, in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii [57][58][59][60][61].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in neuropeptide signaling in Drosophila, from genes to physiology and behavior

Nässel

Zandawala

2019

Preprint

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This review focuses on neuropeptides and peptide hormones, the largest and most diverse class of neuroactive substances, known in Drosophila and other animals to play roles in almost all aspects of daily life, as well as in developmental processes. We provide an update on novel neuropeptides and receptors identified in the last decade, and highlight progress in analysis of neuropeptide signaling in Drosophila. Especially exciting is the huge amount of work published on novel functions of neuropeptides and peptide hormones in Drosophila, largely due to the rapid developments of powerful genetic methods, imaging techniques and innovative assays. We critically discuss the roles of peptides in olfaction, taste, foraging, feeding, clock function/sleep, aggression, mating/reproduction, learning and other behaviors, as well as in regulation of development, growth, metabolic and water homeostasis, stress responses, fecundity, and lifespan. We furthermore provide novel information on neuropeptide distribution and organization of peptidergic systems, as well as the phylogenetic relations between Drosophila neuropeptides and those of other phyla, including mammals. As will be shown, neuropeptide signaling is phylogenetically ancient, and not only are the structures of the peptides, precursors and receptors conserved over evolution, but also many functions of neuropeptide signaling in physiology and behavior.

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“…Secreted peptides can also have an effect on ciliary closures. In Trichoplax, the coordinated ciliary pauses may be owing to diffusible neuropeptide-like molecules [57]. Treatment of Platynereis larvae with synthetic neuropeptides royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rstb Phil.…”

Section: (A) Coordination Of Ciliary Closuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal coordination of motile cilia in locomotion and feeding

Marinković

Berger

Jékely

2019

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 17 to a Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport'.Efficient ciliary locomotion and transport require the coordination of motile cilia. Short-range coordination of ciliary beats can occur by biophysical mechanisms. Long-range coordination across large or disjointed ciliated fields often requires nervous system control and innervation of ciliated cells by ciliomotor neurons. The neuronal control of cilia is best understood in invertebrate ciliated microswimmers, but similar mechanisms may operate in the vertebrate body. Here, we review how the study of aquatic invertebrates contributed to our understanding of the neuronal control of cilia. We summarize the anatomy of ciliomotor systems and the physiological mechanisms that can alter ciliary activity. We also discuss the most well-characterized ciliomotor system, that of the larval annelid Platynereis. Here, pacemaker neurons drive the rhythmic activation of cholinergic and serotonergic ciliomotor neurons to induce ciliary arrests and beating. The Platynereis ciliomotor neurons form a distinct part of the larval nervous system. Similar ciliomotor systems likely operate in other ciliated larvae, such as mollusc veligers. We discuss the possible ancestry and conservation of ciliomotor circuits and highlight how comparative experimental approaches could contribute to a better understanding of the evolution and function of ciliary systems.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport'.

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High Cell Diversity and Complex Peptidergic Signaling Underlie Placozoan Behavior

Cited by 101 publications

References 37 publications

Light-regulated collective contractility in a multicellular choanoflagellate

Light-regulated collective contractility in a multicellular choanoflagellate

Recent advances in neuropeptide signaling in Drosophila, from genes to physiology and behavior

Neuronal coordination of motile cilia in locomotion and feeding

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