High-capacity lithium sulfur battery and beyond: a review of metal anode protection layers and perspective of solid-state electrolytes

Wang, Yang; Sahadeo, Emily; Rubloff, Gary W.; Lin, Chuan‐Fu; Lee, Sangbok

doi:10.1007/s10853-018-3093-7

Cited by 95 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Carbonate‐based solvents are known to be noncorrosive and more stable versus anodic oxidation compared to ether‐based solvents . However, the reaction between the Mg metal and carbonate solvents tends to form an impermeable layer on top of the Mg anode, which in turn prevents Mg deposition during charging . Therefore, to compensate for that, the design of an appropriate conductive and protective artificial interphase on Mg anodes presents a potentially feasible approach .…”

Section: Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rechargeable Magnesium–Sulfur Battery Technology: State of the Art and Key Challenges

Wang

Buchmeiser

2019

Adv Funct Materials

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abundant metal on earth. [19] In view of these merits and the high abundance of sulfur, increasing interest has been raised on post Li-S battery systems, including magnesium-selenium batteries, Mg-S batteries, which display higher energy density, low costs and improved safety in comparison to Li-S batteries. [11,[20][21][22][23] Despite the advantages of Mg-S batteries, major issues in this field are related to the severe overcharge behavior and low sulfur utilization of the cathode during charging and discharging in general, the formation of magnesium polysulfides and the slow diffusion of Mg 2+ , which all result in poor electrochemical behavior. [17,22,24,25] Substantial efforts have been made to improve cell performance so far, including the modification of cathode materials, anodes and separators, [25] the synthesis of novel electrolyte systems, [24,26] which all to some extent can improve the cell behavior. Figure 1d gives a timeline of all the novel findings in the area of Mg-S batteries in each year. Figure 1b demonstrates an overview of the topics addressed in the published research articles in Mg-S batteries. According to this survey, the research community developed a strong preference for investigating novel electrolyte systems, modifying sulfur cathode materials and carrying out mechanistic studies. By contrast, only few research groups devoted their work to the other components of a Mg-S battery, such as the anode and the separator. Major improvements related to the latter two will also be thoroughly discussed in the following sections.Several reviews already discussed the developments in Mg batteries based on intercalation cathode materials. [1,15,[27][28][29][30] By contrast, accounts on Mg batteries containing a sulfur-based conversion cathode, which benefits from high theoretical energy density, a reasonable potential difference with Mg, nontoxicity and high earth abundance [11,31,32] are rare. This review solely refers to Mg-S batteries that use sulfur-based conversion cathodes.The purposes of this review are to summarize and highlight the most up-to-date and novel findings for Mg-S batteries, addressing sulfur-based conversion cathodes and Mg anode materials, separator modifications as well as various electrolyte systems. Furthermore, since the research on Mg-S batteries is still at an initial stage, some challenges, including the capacity decay mechanism, a lack of suitable electrolyte systems and the passivation of the Mg anode, which so far impedes any superior electrochemical performance in Mg-S batteries, will also be addressed. In addition, we also listed and discussed some possible future prospects for high energy Mg-S batteries. Finally, the currently reported Mg-S systems have been summarized in a table for easy comparison.This review on rechargeable Mg-S batteries is arranged in the following sequences. In the first section, currently applied anode materials (various forms of Mg anodes) and prospective anodes are discussed. Next, various sulfur-based conversion cathodes, which mainly...

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Section: Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rechargeable Magnesium–Sulfur Battery Technology: State of the Art and Key Challenges

Wang

Buchmeiser

2019

Adv Funct Materials

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“…The continuous corrosion of Li anode and rapid depletion of electrolyte are the main culprits for the failure of Li‐S batteries, especially with high sulfur loadings (>4 mg cm −2 ) and slightly excess Li . Therefore, protecting Li anode from the side reactions induced by electrolytes and Li polysulfides is critical for promoting the further development of Li‐S batteries under practical conditions …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 Therefore, protecting Li anode from the side reactions induced by electrolytes and Li polysulfides is critical for promoting the further development of Li-S batteries under practical conditions. [22][23][24] A key prerequisite for a Li anode protection layer in Li-S batteries is that Li must be protected in the presence of Li polysulfides compared with the battery systems adopting insoluble intercalation cathodes. [25][26][27] Li polysulfides react with Li and involve into SEI constituents, which complexes the interfacial chemistry on Li anodes and invalidates most of the common SEI design strategies, posing great challenges for effective Li protection.…”

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confidence: 99%

A compact inorganic layer for robust anode protection in lithium‐sulfur batteries

Yao

Zhang

et al. 2019

InfoMat

203

105

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Lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries are one of the most promising candidates for high energy density rechargeable batteries beyond current Li‐ion batteries. However, severe corrosion of Li metal anode and low Coulombic efficiency (CE) induced by the unremitting shuttle of Li polysulfides immensely hinder the practical applications of Li‐S batteries. Herein, a compact inorganic layer (CIL) formed by ex situ reactions between Li anode and ionic liquid emerged as an effective strategy to block Li polysulfides and suppress shuttle effect. A CE of 96.7% was achieved in Li‐S batteries with CIL protected Li anode in contrast to 82.4% for bare Li anode while no lithium nitrate was employed. Furthermore, the corrosion of Li during cycling was effectively inhibited. While applied to working batteries, 80.6% of the initial capacity after 100 cycles was retained in Li‐S batteries with CIL‐protected ultrathin (33 μm) Li anode compared with 58.5% for bare Li anode, further demonstrating the potential of this strategy for practical applications. This study presents a feasible interfacial regulation strategy to protect Li anode with the presence of Li polysulfides and opens avenues for Li anode protection in Li‐S batteries under practical conditions.

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“…However, Li-S cells have hindrances in their commercial application due to their limited conductivity, volume expansion, and rapid capacity fading [7]. The most common method to address these concerns is through the rational design and implementation of nanostructured sulfur hosts, toward which a great deal of research has been focused [8]. In comparison, the design and implementation of novel polymeric binders has been largely overlooked in Li-S cells [9] and has only recently started to capture the attention of researchers, as shown in recent reviews [10][11][12], yet approaches investigating the entire cathode structure are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Housing Sulfur in Polymer Composite Frameworks for Li–S Batteries

et al. 2019

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HIGHLIGHTS• The roles of binders in both sulfur host-based and sulfur host-free systems are considered for polymer composite frameworks in lithium-sulfur batteries.• The applications of the existing and potential multifunctional polymer composite frameworks are summarized for manufacturing lithium-sulfur batteries.ABSTRACT Extensive efforts have been devoted to the design of micro-, nano-, and/or molecular structures of sulfur hosts to address the challenges of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, yet comparatively little research has been carried out on the binders in Li-S batteries. Herein, we systematically review the polymer composite frameworks that confine the sulfur within the sulfur electrode, taking the roles of sulfur hosts and functions of binders into consideration. In particular, we investigate the binding mechanism between the binder and sulfur host (such as mechanical interlocking and interfacial interactions), the chemical interactions between the polymer binder and sulfur (such as covalent bonding, electrostatic bonding, etc.), as well as the beneficial functions that polymer binders can impart on Li-S cathodes, such as conductive binders, electrolyte intake, adhesion strength etc. This work could provide a more comprehensive strategy in designing sulfur electrodes for long-life, large-capacity and high-rate Li-S battery.

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High-capacity lithium sulfur battery and beyond: a review of metal anode protection layers and perspective of solid-state electrolytes

Cited by 95 publications

References 96 publications

Rechargeable Magnesium–Sulfur Battery Technology: State of the Art and Key Challenges

Rechargeable Magnesium–Sulfur Battery Technology: State of the Art and Key Challenges

A compact inorganic layer for robust anode protection in lithium‐sulfur batteries

Housing Sulfur in Polymer Composite Frameworks for Li–S Batteries

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