High blood pressure in adults with disabilities: Influence of gender, body weight and health behaviors

Lin, Lan; Liu, Chien Ting; Liou, Shih Wen; Hsu, Shang Wei; Lin, Jin Ding

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2012.03.027

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…(8) In Taiwan, 27.4% of 833 disabled adults over the age of 30 were diagnosed with hypertension. (9) In this study, the risk of hypertension increased when associated with a higher BMI, obesity and a larger waist circumference. (9) A cross-sectional study investigating co-morbidities in intellectually disabled adults demonstrated that 53% of the participants had hypertension, 14% had diabetes and 45% had another metabolic syndrome (45%).…”

Section: Introductıonmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…(9) In this study, the risk of hypertension increased when associated with a higher BMI, obesity and a larger waist circumference. (9) A cross-sectional study investigating co-morbidities in intellectually disabled adults demonstrated that 53% of the participants had hypertension, 14% had diabetes and 45% had another metabolic syndrome (45%). Other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are female gender, increased age, living alone, and preparing one's own meal.…”

Section: Introductıonmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…When analysing systolic blood pressure values, the adult males that participated in the study were more hypertensive than were the adult females. While the HT prevalence in young people with mental disabilities was 17.4% in a study conducted in the Netherlands (6) and 11.7% in a study conducted in Taiwan, (9) the prevalence increased up to 53% in elderly Dutch individuals with mental retardation according to the another study. (6) In Taiwan, 27.4% of 833 disabled adults (30 years of age or over) had been diagnosed with hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…(6) In Taiwan, 27.4% of 833 disabled adults (30 years of age or over) had been diagnosed with hypertension. (9) It is noteworthy that the diastolic blood pressure was more elevated than that of the systolic blood pressure, which is important in terms of the size of the risk. The presence of high diastolic blood pressure is of more importance in young people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesidade e hipertensão em adolescentes e adultos com deficiência intelectual

et al. 2016

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Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the rate of obesity and hypertension in individuals with intellectual disability. Methods: This study was carried out with the adolescents and adults with intellectual disability in three centres, in Izmir, Turkey. The BMI of the adults were classified according to the Turkey Obesity Prevention and Control Program. The BMIs of the adolescents were evaluated according to the BMI percentile curves for Turkish children. For the evaluation of blood pressure levels of adults, the classification system determined by the Turkish Society of Cardiology was used. Blood pressure diagnosis in adolescents is different from that in adults. In terms of age and gender, systolic and diastolic blood pressures lower than the 90 th percentile are considered as normal. Results: The mean measurements for adults were as follows: height 166 ± 0.1 cm, weight 71.7 ± 1.86 kg, systolic blood pressure 120.8 ± 1.53 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 74.8 ± 1.35 mmHg, and BMI 25.96 ± 5.98. The mean measurements for adolescents were as follows: BMI 23.02 ± 6.3 systolic blood pressure 117 ± 14.3 mmHg and diastolic pressure 70 ± 13.8 mmHg. 37.3% of adults were of normal weight and 28% were overweight. Analysis of BMI of the adolescents demonstrated that 46.1% were between the 5 th and 85 th percentiles, 26.3% appeared above the 95 th percentile and 18.4% were below the 5 th percentile. Of the subjects, 59.8% had an optimal systolic pressure and 77.5% had an optimal diastolic pressure of adults. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the rate of obesity and hypertension is high in adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities and therefore, these individuals are at a serious risk of developing cardiovascular disease. ResumoObjetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as taxas de obesidade e hipertensão arterial em indivíduos com deficiência intelectual. Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado com adolescentes e adultos com deficiência intelectual em três centros em Izmir, Turquia. O IMC dos adultos foi determinado de acordo com o Programa de Prevenção e Controle da obesidade da Turquia. O IMC dos adolescentes foi avaliado de acordo com as curvas de percentis de IMC para crianças turcas. Para a avaliação dos níveis de pressão arterial de adultos, foi utilizado o sistema de classificação determinado pela Sociedade Turca de Cardiologia. O diagnóstico da pressão sanguínea em adolescentes é diferente dos adultos. Em termos de idade e sexo, pressões arteriais sistólica e diastólica menores que o percentil 90 são considerados normais. Resultados: Os valores médios dos adultos foram: altura de 166 ± 0,1 cm, peso de 71,7 ± 1,86 kg, pressão arterial sistólica de 120,8 ± 1,53 mmHg, pressão arterial diastólica de 74,8 ± 1,35 mmHg e IMC de 25,96 ± 5,98. Os valores médios dos adolescentes foram: IMC de 23,02 ± 6,3, pressão arterial sistólica de 117 ± 14,3 mmHg e diastólica de 70 ± 13,8 mmHg. Dentre os adultos, 37,3% estavam com peso normal e 28% estavam acima do peso. A análise do IMC...

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Section: Introductıonmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductıonmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesidade e hipertensão em adolescentes e adultos com deficiência intelectual

et al. 2016

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“…Primarily, the included studies were cross-sectional observational (n = 31 81,82,98,[100][101][102]104,106,[109][110][111]114,116,119,121,124,[126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135]137,139,142,143,145 ). The remaining studies involved retrospective database or medical records data (n = 22 [83][84][85][86][87][88][89]94,95,99,107,113,115,117,118,120,122,123,136,…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for glucose intolerance and development of a lifestyle education programme for prevention of type 2 diabetes in a population with intellectual disabilities: the STOP Diabetes research project

Dunkley

Tyrer

Spong

et al. 2017

Programme Grants Appl Res

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BackgroundThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is believed to be higher among people with intellectual disability (ID) than in the general population. However, research on prevalence and prevention in this population is limited.ObjectivesThe objectives of this programme of work were to establish a programme of research that would significantly enhance the knowledge and understanding of impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and T2DM in people with ID; to test strategies for the early identification of IGR and T2DM in people with ID; and to develop a lifestyle education programme and educator training protocol to promote behaviour change in a population with ID and IGR (or at a high risk of T2DM/CVD).SettingLeicestershire, UK.ParticipantsAdults with ID were recruited from community settings, including residential homes and family homes. Adults with mild to moderate ID who had an elevated body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 25 kg/m2and/or IGR were invited to take part in the education programme.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome of the screening programme was the prevalence of screen-detected T2DM and IGR. The uptake, feasibility and acceptability of the intervention were assessed.Data sourcesParticipants were recruited from general practices, specialist ID services and clinics, and through direct contact.ResultsA total of 930 people with ID were recruited to the screening programme: 58% were male, 80% were white and 68% were overweight or obese. The mean age of participants was 43.3 years (standard deviation 14.2 years). Bloods were obtained for 675 participants (73%). The prevalence of previously undiagnosed T2DM was 1.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.5% to 2%] and of IGR was 5% (95% CI 4% to 7%). Abnormal IGR was more common in those of non-white ethnicity; those with a first-degree family history of diabetes; those with increasing weight, waist circumference, BMI, diastolic blood pressure or triglycerides; and those with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. We developed a lifestyle educational programme for people with ID, informed by findings from qualitative stakeholder interviews (health-care professionals,n = 14; people with ID,n = 7) and evidence reviews. Subsequently, 11 people with ID (and carers) participated in pilot education sessions (two groups) and five people attended education for the feasibility stage (one group). We found that it was feasible to collect primary outcome measures on physical activity and sedentary behaviour using wrist-worn accelerometers. We found that the programme was relatively costly, meaning that large changes in activity or diet (or a reduction in programme costs) would be necessary for the programme to be cost-effective. We also developed a quality development process for assessing intervention fidelity.LimitationsWe were able to screen only around 30% of the population and involved only a small number in the piloting and feasibility work.ConclusionsThe results from this programme of work have significantly enhanced the existing knowledge and understanding of T2DM and IGR in people with ID. We have developed a lifestyle education programme and educator training protocol to promote behaviour change in this population.Future workFurther work is needed to evaluate the STOP Diabetes intervention to identify cost-effective strategies for its implementation.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02513277.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Programme Grants for Applied Research programme and will be published in full inHealth Research Programme Grants for Applied Research; Vol. 5, No. 11. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

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