High blood pressure in a semi-urban community in south-south Nigeria: a community - based study

Abstract

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are taking their toll in most low and middle income countries; incidentally, in the same populations that are struggling to deal with communicable diseases, hence presenting a picture of "double tragedy". Most of the researches conducted on NCDs are facility-based; often in urban locations. Objective: To determine the prevalence of high BP in a semi-urban community in Nigeria. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, where all the adult residents of the community were enrolled. Data was collected using a multi-section questionnaire, including anthropometric measurements. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS 17.0 for windows and STATA 10. Results: The results showed that 47.0% of the study population had a raised BP >140/90mmHg. At a univariate level, age, sex, higher income, more people in the household, daily cigarette smoking, daily alcohol intake and BMI, showed increased risk for high BP. However, sleeping for at least 8 hours a day showed protective influence against raised BP among the participants. In the adjusted model, only age, sex and BMI remained statistically significant with Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.04 (95%CI; 1.00, 1.08), 0.45 (95%CI; 0.22, 0.90) and 1.08(95%CI; 1.03, 1.13) respectively. The model had an area under curve of 71.9%, Conclusion: It was concluded that there is a high prevalence of raised BP in this semi-urban community, thus the need for intervention and preventive services to curb the looming epidemic of hypertension in this community in particular, and Nigeria as a whole, cannot be overemphasized.

High prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk factors among medical students at Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda

“…This causes increased sedentary lifestyles and intake of fortified foods [ 21 ]. This prevalence is comparable to results from other studies in the region, all showing high prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors [ 1 , 2 , 4 , 22 – 25 ]. However unlike in the studies above which were conducted generally among adults, the subjects in our study were young people (mean age 22 years SD ± 3 years).…”

“…Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally with hypertension ranking highest. About 80 % of the deaths from CVD occur among the low and middle-income earners in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) [ 1 , 2 ]. SSA is experiencing an epidemiological transition with a rapid increase in non-communicable diseases(NCDs) including CVD [ 3 – 6 ] which adds strain to the already complex health situation resulting from the infectious disease burden in the region [ 3 , 7 ].…”

Prevalence and pattern of hypertension and effect of body mass index on blood pressure in six communities of Biase LGA In Cross River, Nigeria

“…In this study, the prevalence of hypertension was 32.7%. This finding is consistent with some other researchers (15)(16)(17), but lower than that of some other researchers who carried out similar studies among the Ibibios and Efiks (8) but higher than results from Osun (18), Ghana (12) and South Eastern Nigeria (19). The occurrence of hypertension was higher in females (65.2%) compared to males (34.8%) (see Figure 4) which also agrees with earlier studies (20), but contrary to findings of prior awareness of hypertension by patients; which was extremely low (21).…”

Current Prevalence Pattern of Hypertension in Nigeria: A Systematic Review

“…41 studies [ 27 , 33 – 77 ] were conducted across the 6 geopolitical zones of Nigeria and 3 studies [ 37 , 73 , 75 ] were conducted nationally. The numbers of those conducted in the zones are as follows: south- west 15[ 35 – 48 , 54 – 59 , 64 , 67 , 68 ]; south-east 8 [ 27 , 42 , 47 , 51 – 53 , 63 , 66 , 74 ]; south-south 10[ 33 , 45 , 60 – 62 , 65 , 70 – 72 , 76 ]; north-central 4 [ 34 , 46 , 48 , 51 ]; north-east 1[ 49 ] and north-west 4 [ 39 , 40 , 50 , 69 ].…”