High bile duct strictures

Aubrey, D. A.; Chare, M. J. B.

doi:10.1002/bjs.1800670105

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…Thus in the 1620s, Inigo Jones considered it to be Roman temple to the god Coelus (Jones and Webb 1655) while by the 1660s Walter Charleton (1663) believed it was a Danish Court Royal. John Aubrey (1980Aubrey ( [1693) suggested it was a temple of the Druids, a proposal developed with alacrity by William Stukeley (1740, 35) who first noted the alignment with the rising sun at midsummer. Fast-forward to the later twentieth century, and Gerald Hawkins (1964Hawkins ( , 1965 saw the site as a Neolithic computer for predicting astronomical events.…”

Section: Trampled Under Footmentioning

confidence: 99%

Houses of the Holy: Architecture and Meaning in the Structure of Stonehenge, Wiltshire, UK

Darvill

2016

Time and Mind

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Stonehenge in central southern England is internationally known. Recent re-evaluations of its date and construction sequence provides an opportunity to review the meaning and purpose of key structural components. Here it is argued that the central stone structures did not have a single purpose but rather embody a series of symbolic representations. During the early third millennium this included a square-in-circle motif representing a sacred house or 'big house' edged by the five Sarsen Trilithons. During the late third millennium BC, as house styles changed, some of the stones were re-arranged to form a central oval setting that perpetuated the idea of a sacred dwelling. The Sarsen Circle may have embodied a time-reckoning system based on the lunar month. From about 2500 BC, more than 80 bluestones were brought to the site from sources in the Preseli Hills of west Wales about 220km distant. Initially arranged as a Double Circle they were variously rearranged at least four times over the following centuries. The diverse lithology of the bluestones reflects the landscape from which the stones derived so that the monument embodied a microcosm of the distant land. Associations with water and healing suggest one reason why Stonehenge became such a powerful place in prehistoric times. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Trampled Under Footmentioning

confidence: 99%

Houses of the Holy: Architecture and Meaning in the Structure of Stonehenge, Wiltshire, UK

Darvill

2016

Time and Mind

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High bile duct cancer: Incidence and pattern of investigation in the general hospital setting

Peel¹,

Dillon²,

Dellipiani³

1981

Journal of British Surgery

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Between 1 April 1977 and 30 November 1979, 16 cases of high bile duct carcinoma presented at North Tees District Hospital, giving an incidence of one per 40000 population per annum for Teesside. Results of this prospective study emphasize the potential accuracy of preoperative assessment using techniques which should be available in a district general hospital. Ultrasound revealed the site of obstruction in every patient in whom it was used (n = 13), and often indicated a neoplastic aetiology (n = 10). Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) correctly demonstrated the site of obstruction in each patient and suggested a primary bile duct carcinoma in 12 patients. Although intraoperative cholangiography gave additional information in some patients, it was not sufficiently reliable to dispense with either PTC or ERC. Histological proof of a primary bile duct carcinoma was obtained in 15 patients. In the 10 patients without obvious metastatic disease frozen section analysis was positive in 7, but was negative in 3 patients with multiple strictures where malignant cells were relatively infrequent and were found in the perineural lymphatics on paraffin sections. In this difficult group of patients the approach described eliminates the possibility of a false negative laparotomy, enables careful planning of the necessary surgical technique and also the consideration of nonoperative management.

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Carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts: A postmortem study of 65 cases and review of the literature

Sons

Borchard

1987

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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From 1950 to 1982, 65 patients with carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts were autopsied in the Institute of Pathology of the University of Düsseldorf. The average age of men was 64.5 years and that of women was 70 years. The ratio of men to women was 1 to 1.71. The greatest number of tumors was found in the common bile duct (40.1%), followed by the hepatic ducts (29.2%) and the confluence of the common hepatic duct with the cystic duct (27.7%). Adenocarcinomas of various differentiation were found in 96.7% of the cases and anaplastic carcinoma in 3.3%. Metastases were present in 49 cases (75.4%). Cholelithiasis was found in 51% of the cases. The results of the present postmortem study are compared with the literature.

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High bile duct strictures

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Houses of the Holy: Architecture and Meaning in the Structure of Stonehenge, Wiltshire, UK

Houses of the Holy: Architecture and Meaning in the Structure of Stonehenge, Wiltshire, UK

High bile duct cancer: Incidence and pattern of investigation in the general hospital setting

Carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts: A postmortem study of 65 cases and review of the literature

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