High- and low-latitude forcing of the Nile River regime during the Holocene inferred from laminated sediments of the Nile deep-sea fan

Blanchet, Cécile; Tjallingii, Rik; Frank, Martin; Lorenzen, J.; Reitz, Anja; Brown, Kevin; Feseker, Tomas; Brückmann, Warner

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.01.009

Cited by 110 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…BP in a marine records from the eastern Mediterranean (Blanchet et al, 2013). Thus, an arid signal from North Africa seems consistent with the Sr-Nd excursion and  Nd (0) values of -11.7 described at 8.9-8.7 ka cal.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

“…Pleistocene and Holocene sediments, obtaining as main radiogenic end members Saharan dust and Nile particulate matter (e.g., Krom et al, 1999aKrom et al, , 1999bWeldeab et al, 2002aWeldeab et al, , 2002bWeldeab et al, , 2003Revel et al, 2010;Box et al, 2011;Blanchet et al, 2013). In the westernmost Mediterranean area, however, less work has focused on the identification of terrigenous provenance and transport patterns.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiogenic isotopes for deciphering terrigenous input provenance in the western Mediterranean

et al. 2015

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supporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiogenic isotopes for deciphering terrigenous input provenance in the western Mediterranean

et al. 2015

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“…In contrast, the White Nile is sourced at equatorial Lake Victoria 199 and the Precambrian crystalline basement rocks in its catchment are characterized by a 200 higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values (approximately 0.7105) and low ɛNd values [Krom et al, 2002; Box 201 et al, 2011;Blanchet et al, 2013; Blanchet et al, 2014]. Saharan dust is characterized by 202 high 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values of >0.7173 [Krom et al, 2002;Weldeab et al, 2002] (Fig.…”

Section: Sources Of Materials To the Coring Site 190mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Nile River is comprised of two major tributaries, the White Nile and the Blue/Atbara 194 Nile, which drain contrasting geologic terranes and climate zones [Krom et al, 2002] [Krom et al, 2002;Box et al, 2011;Blanchet et al, 2013; 198 Blanchet et al, 2014]. In contrast, the White Nile is sourced at equatorial Lake Victoria 199 and the Precambrian crystalline basement rocks in its catchment are characterized by a 200 higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values (approximately 0.7105) and low ɛNd values [Krom et al, 2002; Box 201 et al, 2011;Blanchet et al, 2013; Blanchet et al, 2014].…”

Section: Sources Of Materials To the Coring Site 190mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some locations in 208 the EM Sea receive significant contributions of Saharan dust, the influence of eolian 209 material is minimal near the Nile Delta . A crossplot of 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios 210 and ɛNd can further differentiate sources of material from north and east Africa to the EM 211 Sea [Blanchet et al, 2013] and suggests that Saharan dust is not a significant contributor 212 to site GeoB7702-3 (Fig. 3a).…”

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Hydroclimate variability in the Nile River Basin during the past 28,000 years

Castañeda

Schouten

Pätzold

et al. 2016

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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13It has long been known that extreme changes in North African hydroclimate occurred 14 during the late Pleistocene yet many discrepancies exist between sites regarding the timing, 15 duration and abruptness of events such as Heinrich Stadial (HS) 1 and the African Humid 16Period (AHP). The hydroclimate history of the Nile River is of particular interest due to its 17 lengthy human occupation history yet there are presently few continuous archives from the 18 Nile River corridor, and pre-Holocene studies are rare. Here we present new organic and 19 inorganic geochemical records of Nile Basin hydroclimate from an eastern Mediterranean 20 (EM) Sea sediment core spanning the past 28 ka BP. Our multi-proxy records reflect the 21 fluctuating inputs of Blue Nile versus White Nile material to the EM Sea in response to 22 2 gradual changes in local insolation and also capture abrupt hydroclimate events driven by 23 remote climate forcings, such as HS1. We find strong evidence for extreme aridity within 24 the Nile Basin evolving in two distinct phases during HS1, from 17.5 to 16 ka BP and from 25 16-14.5 ka BP, whereas peak wet conditions during the AHP are observed from 9-7 ka BP. 26We find that zonal movements of the Congo Air Boundary (CAB), and associated shifts in 27 the dominant moisture source (Atlantic versus Indian Ocean moisture) to the Nile Basin, 28 likely contributed to abrupt hydroclimate variability in northern East Africa during HS1 29 and the AHP as well as to non-linear behavior of hydroclimate proxies. We note that 30 different proxies show variable gradual and abrupt responses to individual hydroclimate 31 events, and thus might have different inherent sensitivities, which may be a factor partially 32 contributing to the controversy surrounding the abruptness of past events such as the AHP. Introduction 40The paleoclimate history of the Nile River valley in East Africa is of interest due to its 41 rich history of human occupation (Vermeersch and Van Neer, 2015). Relationships 42 between climate and the distribution of settlements on the Nile River corridor have long 43 been recognized and it is hypothesized that extreme changes in African hydroclimate 44 helped shape the growth and led to the decline of numerous complex societies [Kuper and 45 3 Kröpelin, 2006]. One of the most dramatic changes in North African hydroclimate, the so-46 called African Humid Period (AHP) [deMenocal et al., 2000], occurred during the early 47Holocene when increased rainfall allowed vegetation, lakes and human populations to 48 occupy a "green Sahara", a region that today is a hyperarid desert [Kuper and Kröpelin, 49 2006]. Variability in Nile River flow also played an important role in shaping Egypt's 50 civilizations with the collapse of the Old Kingdom at 4,160 years before present, attributed 51 to a 30 year absence of annual Nile flooding [Stanley et al., 2003]. Although lacking direct 52 evidence, it is hypothesized that HS1, which is recognized as an extreme and widespread 53 drought in North Afri...

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Neodymium isotope constraints on provenance, dispersal, and climate‐driven supply of Zambezi sediments along the Mozambique Margin during the past ∼45,000 years

Lubbe

Tjallingii

Schneider³

2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Marine sediments deposited off the Zambezi River that drains a considerable part of the southeast African continent provide continuous records of the continental climatic and environmental conditions. Here we present time series of neodymium (Nd) isotope signatures of the detrital sediment fraction during the past 45,000 years, to reconstruct climate-driven changes in the provenance of clays deposited along the Mozambique Margin. Coherent with the surface current regime, the Nd isotope distribution in surface sediments reveals mixing of the alongshore flowing Zambezi suspension load with sediments supplied by smaller rivers located further north. To reconstruct past changes in sediment provenances, Nd isotope signatures of clays that are not significantly fractionated during weathering processes have been obtained from core 64PE304-80, which was recovered just north of the Zambezi mouth at 1329 m water depth. Distinctly unradiogenic clay signatures (E Nd values <214.2) are found during the Last Glacial Maximum, Heinrich Stadial 1, and Younger Dryas. In contrast, the Nd isotope record shows higher, more radiogenic isotope signatures during Marine Isotope Stage 3 and between 15 and 5 ka BP, the latter coinciding with the timing of the northern hemisphere African Humid Period. The clay-sized sediment fraction with the least radiogenic Nd isotope signatures was deposited during the Holocene, when the adjacent Mozambique Shelf became completely flooded. In general, the contribution of the distinctly unradiogenic Zambezi suspension load has followed the intensity of precession-forced monsoonal precipitation and enhanced during periods of increased southern hemisphere insolation and high-latitude northern hemispheric climate variability.

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High- and low-latitude forcing of the Nile River regime during the Holocene inferred from laminated sediments of the Nile deep-sea fan

Cited by 110 publications

References 77 publications

Radiogenic isotopes for deciphering terrigenous input provenance in the western Mediterranean

Radiogenic isotopes for deciphering terrigenous input provenance in the western Mediterranean

Hydroclimate variability in the Nile River Basin during the past 28,000 years

Neodymium isotope constraints on provenance, dispersal, and climate‐driven supply of Zambezi sediments along the Mozambique Margin during the past ∼45,000 years

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