High altitude pulmonary edema in mountain climbers

Korzeniewski, Krzysztof; Nitsch–Osuch, Aneta; Guzek, Aneta; Juszczak, Dariusz

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2014.09.023

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The statistical results showed that AMS was the most common disease after tourists had entered a plateau area. The main reason was that tourists entered plateau areas too quickly [55], which makes it di cult for an individual to adapt to the lowpressure environment and the lack of oxygen after leaving their habitual environment [56]. The main symptoms of mountain sickness were hypoxia, dizziness, headache, chest tightness and physical discomfort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the mountain sickness of tourists in China from 2015-2017

Xie

2020

Preprint

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Background: Mountain sickness significantly affects tourists who travel in plateau areas. Most studies have researched patients, climbers and local residents to analyse the identification, causes, symptoms and effects of mountain sickness, and only a few have assessed tourists.Methods: This study used the Jiangtai Insurance Broker, an exemplary underwriting platform for travel agency liability insurance in China, as the data acquisition platform to analyse tourist altitude sickness from an epidemiological perspective. The chi-square test was used to test the distribution of mountain sickness diseases and symptoms among different genders and ages. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to generate a spatial distribution map of tourist mountain sickness.Results: From 2015 to 2017, there were 361 cases of tourist mountain sickness, which were distributed in 4 altitudinal classes. The incidence of mountain sickness was higher in women than in men. Tourists aged 40-69 years were the main group of patients. Acute mountain sickness (AMS) and high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) were the main high-altitude diseases and mainly occurred in the 2nd and 3rd class altitude regions. Hypoxia, dizziness, headache and chest tightness were the main symptoms of mountain sickness. Spring, summer and autumn were the peak seasons for the onset of mountain sickness. Mountain sickness cases were concentrated in a few cities in Western China.Conclusion: This study analysed the genders and characteristics of the main tourist population that suffered from mountain sickness and investigated the diseases and the temporal and spatial regularity of disease from an epidemiological perspective. The research showed that the onset of mountain sickness was related to the individual physique and age of tourists, speed of entering the plateau, season and altitude. This study is significant as a reference for the risk assessment of tourists visiting plateau areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the mountain sickness of tourists in China from 2015-2017

Xie

2020

Preprint

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“…The key inclusion criteria were based on clinical symptoms, epidemiology, and pathophysiology findings [28]. The clinical features recorded were: age at diagnosis, gender, radiological results, chest sounds, body temperature, heart rate, and oxygen saturation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in ADRB2, GNB3 and GSTP1 genes and high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) in the Chinese Han population

Liu

et al. 2017

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High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) occurs mainly under conditions such as high altitude, rapid ascent, or hypoxia. Previous studies suggest that ADRB2, GNB3, TH, and GSTP1 polymorphisms are associated with various lung diseases. We evaluated whether those polymorphisms are associated with the risk of HAPE in a Chinese Han population. ADRB2, GNB3, TH and GSTP1 polymorphisms were genotyped using a Sequenom MassARRAY. Logistic regression, adjusted for age and gender, was used to evaluate the association between the genotypes and the risk of HAPE by computing odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). The results revealed that GNB3 rs4963516 allele ‘‘G’’ (G vs T: OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.55–0.90, p = 0.006) was associated with HAPE risk. The ADRB2 rs1042718 alleles had a 1.29-fold (95%CI = 1.00-1.66; p = 0.045) increased risk of HAPE, and the GSTP1 rs749174 alleles had a 0.71-fold (95%CI = 0.52-0.99; p = 0.042) decreased risk of HAPE. Co-dominant and dominant models of GNB3 rs4963516 decreased the risk of HAPE (p = 0.023 and p = 0.008, respectively). Our results indicate GNB3 and GSTP1 polymorphisms may protect against HAPE progression, while ADRB2 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of HAPE.

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“…If retinal hemorrhage occurs, the ophthalmologic examination will reveal optic disc hyperemia and increased vessel tortuosity in the fundus of the eye. In most cases the condition is self-limiting and retinal bleeding usually stops after 1-2 weeks [14]. The disorder is clinically silent and often unilateral.…”

Section: Retinal Hemorrhagementioning

confidence: 99%

Eye diseases in travelers

Korzeniewski

2020

International Maritime Health

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Travelling has been growing in popularity over the last several decades. Eye diseases, e.g. decreased visual acuity, inflammatory or degenerative lesions, chronic diseases or eye trauma, affect all groups of travelers. The main risk factors contributing to the manifestation or exacerbation of common ocular diseases include exposure to dry air (inside the airplane cabin or in air-conditioned hotel rooms), exposure to chlorinated or salty water (swimming/bathing in swimming pools or in the sea), and sudden changes in the weather conditions. In addition, travelers to tropical destinations are at risk of ocular diseases which are rarely seen in temperate climate, e.g. onchocerciasis, loiasis, gnatostomosis, African trypanosomosis, or trachoma. The most common condition of the eye seen in travelers is conjunctivitis; it may be either of cosmopolitan (bacterial or viral infections, allergic inflammation) or tropical etiology, e.g. arboviral infections (zika, chikungunya). Given the fact that a large proportion of the general population have decreased visual acuity and many of them wear contact lenses rather than glasses, keratitis has become a common health problem among travelers as well; the major risk factors in such cases include sleeping in contact lenses, prolonged exposure to air-conditioning, working with a computer or swimming/bathing in microbiologically contaminated water (e.g. Acanthoamoeba protozoa). Conditions affecting the cornea, conjunctiva or lens may also occur due to excessive exposure to solar radiation, especially if travelers wear glasses without a UV protection. (Int Marit Health 2020; 71, 1: 78-84)

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High altitude pulmonary edema in mountain climbers

Cited by 23 publications

References 48 publications

Analysis of the mountain sickness of tourists in China from 2015-2017

Analysis of the mountain sickness of tourists in China from 2015-2017

Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in ADRB2, GNB3 and GSTP1 genes and high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) in the Chinese Han population

Eye diseases in travelers

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