HiGee Strategy toward Rapid Mass Production of Porous Covalent Organic Polymers with Superior Methane Deliverable Capacity

Abstract

High porosity with well‐defined molecular reticulation along with strong stability is desired for natural gas delivery. The catalyzed Yamamoto‐type Ullmann cross‐coupling route with efficient terminal halogen removal capability is currently used to prepare porous organic materials with high specific surface area as well as ultrahigh hydrothermal stability. As a typical fast coupling reaction, the traditional stirred solvothermal approach shows the limitation of macroscopic reaction kinetics due to the increasing viscosity of the reaction mixture with the molecular network growth until it turns to a jelly‐like consistency. Herein, a high‐gravity chemical synthetic strategy to achieve rapid and economical preparation of a class of, but not limited to, covalent organic polymers (COPs) with high hydrothermal stability using the Ullman cross‐coupling route is described. The viscous fluid is vigorously split into homogeneous microdroplets through the rotating packed bed (RPB) under the HiGee environment. The HiGee approach shortens the traditional reaction time from 600 to 15 min as well as reduces the usage of high‐cost nickel (0) catalyst by 40 wt%. Specially, the COP‐10 obtained with the HiGee approach displays an excellent deliverable methane capacity of 415 cm3 STP g−1 at 298 K with working pressures 5–65 bar, which is higher than that of most reported porous organic materials.

High-Gravity-Tuned Synthesis of Uniformly Distributed Silver Bismuth Chromate Semiconductor Crystals

“… , The wire mesh twining in the RPB provides a strong shearing force to promote the rapid dispersion of the precursor solution into droplets, threads, and thin films. The strong shearing force is conducive to form a new liquid interface and increases the molecular mixing and mass transfer of precursors. ,, In addition to the shearing force, centrifugal forces ( F n ) offered by the RPB are also much larger than in the general gravity field. The high-gravity-tuned synthesis is expected to show possibilities in tuning the kinetics of multi-metal oxide semiconductors as substantially increased nuclei and crystal growth are always difficult to be controlled.…”

“…The precursor solution is introduced into the reactor through a peristaltic pump and then poured into the RPB, which can provide a high-gravity environment (Figure S1). , The wire mesh twining in the RPB provides a strong shearing force to promote the rapid dispersion of the precursor solution into droplets, threads, and thin films. The strong shearing force is conducive to form a new liquid interface and increases the molecular mixing and mass transfer of precursors. ,, In addition to the shearing force, centrifugal forces ( F n ) offered by the RPB are also much larger than in the general gravity field.…”

“…High-gravity technology has gained great attention in nanomaterial preparation owing to its efficient molecular mixing and mass transfer to induce a sharp supersaturation interface accompanied by a short residence time for precursors. , The rotating packed bed (RPB) is commonly used to provide a high rotating speed to generate high centrifugal acceleration of 100–1000 times general gravity ( G ) for greatly enhancing molecular mixing and mass transfer and improving chemical reaction processes . The shearing force generated under high speed centrifugation enables the formation of a new liquid interface and promotes the feedstock to disperse into droplets, threads, and thin films. ,,− As the nucleation and growth processes under a high-gravity environment are different from those of the traditional gravity field, the control of morphology, uniformity, and size distributions for the synthesized nanomaterials could be modulated.…”

Synthesis of Ni‐Al layered double hydroxide via coprecipitation: Formation mechanism, synthesis intensification, and catalytic application

“…A rotating packed bed (RPB) is evidenced as a good device for controllably synthesizing inorganic and organic particles due to its good performance on mass transfer and micromixing 33,34 . The rotor filled with a stainless steel wire mesh packing is the core part of the RPB, by which the liquids are cut into thin films and droplets under a huge centrifugal force, leading to excellent micromixing and enhancement of mass transfer by up to one to two orders of magnitude with respect to conventional packed bed equipment 35,36 …”

High-Gravity-Assisted Intensified Preparation of Er-Doped and Yb/Er-Codoped CaF2 Upconversion Nanophosphors for Noncontact Temperature Measurement

“…High-gravity technology is a highly efficient process intensification method by means of a rotating packed bed (RPB). The characteristic t M for the RPB reactor is estimated to be on the order of 0.01–0.1 ms, much lower than t N . , Under the powerful rotation and porous packing inside the RPB reactor, liquid-containing reactants are split into droplets, threads, and thin films (Figure a). − As a result, a greatly intensified micromixing and mass transfer − process can be achieved, which is very helpful to the formation of homogeneous reaction surroundings and a high supersaturation degree in the precipitation process. Therefore, it is very suitable for the synthesis of UC nanophosphors with homogeneous doping of rare earth ions and narrow PSDs.…”