Hierarchically porous carbon architectures embedded with hollow nanocapsules for high-performance lithium storage

Yu, Chang; Chen, Meng; Li, Xiaoju; He, Limin

doi:10.1039/c4ta07019d

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This sharp peak reflected that activating agents such as KOH and ZnCl 2 can create a high content of micropores (<2 nm [46]). These obviously increased pores (micropores and mesopores) will improve ion transport and ion storage in electrochemical performances [26,47].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All PAC samples exhibited microporous, mesoporous, and macroporous structures which can not only provide more active sites for Li + adsorption and storage but also can allow better contact between materials and electrolyte to shorten the distance of Li + ion transport. These facilitated fast Li + ion diffusion and electrolyte transport, and thereby, the capacity of all activated samples was improved [25,26]. Furthermore, the micropore and mesopore can increase surface areas to store more Li + , while the interconnected macropores can function as electrolyte reservoirs, which can greatly reduce the Li + diffusion [53][54][55].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The special attractiveness of the interconnected porous networks is in the ability of mass mobilization and accessibility within porous structures [24]. The large mesopore content promotes ion transport and meso-and micropores support ion storage with increases of the local uptake rate of Li + [25,26]. Therefore, activating agents (ZnCl 2 , H 3 PO 4 , KOH, K 2 CO 3 , and FeCl 3 , etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Porous Carbon Derived from Popped Rice as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2022

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Popped rice carbons (PC) were derived from popped rice by using a facile and low-cost technique. PC was then activated by different kinds of activating agents, such as potassium hydroxide (KOH), zinc chloride (ZnCl2), iron (III) chloride (FeCl3), and magnesium (Mg), in order to increase the number of pores and specific surface area. The phase formation of porous activated carbon (PAC) products after the activation process suggested that all samples showed mainly graphitic, amorphous carbon, or nanocrystalline graphitic carbon. Microstructure observations showed the interconnected macropore in all samples. Moreover, additional micropores and mesopores were also found in all PAC products. The PAC, which was activated by KOH (PAC-KOH), possessed the largest surface area and pore volume. This contributed to excellent electrochemical performance, as evidenced by the highest capacity value (383 mAh g−1 for 150 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g−1). In addition, the preparation used in this work was very simple and cost-effective, as compared to the graphite preparation. Experimental results demonstrated that the PAC architectures from natural popped rice, which were activated by an optimal agent, are promising materials for use as anodes in LIBs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Porous Carbon Derived from Popped Rice as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2022

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“…It is obvious that the PMC-1.2 electrode delivers high initial discharge and charge specific capacities of 1265 and 622 mA h g -1 , respectively, corresponding to an initial Coulombic efficiency of 49%. The large irreversible capacity is mainly attributed to the formation of SEI films on the surface of the electrode and the irreversible intercalation of Li + ions [44,45]. The initial discharge and charge capacities of PMC-0.8, PMC-0.4 are 1220 and 525 mA h g -1 , 1053 and 385 mA h g -1 , corresponding to the coulombic efficiency of 43 and 36%, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: Electrochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mass production of large-pore phosphorus-doped mesoporous carbon for fast-rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

Wang

Xia

Liu

et al. 2019

Energy Storage Materials

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) suffer from kinetic problems linked to the solid-state diffusion of Li in electrodes and commercial challenge of low cost large-scale synthesis of anode materials with custom-designed nanostructures. Here, we report a facial method for mass production of P-doped mesoporous carbons that exhibit excellent electrochemical performances as anode materials for LIBs. Hydrophobic tricresyl phosphate is explored to enlarge the pore sizes from 3.6 to 14.2 nm, expand the interlayer spacing from 3.68 to 3.79 Å, and increase the graphitization degree of carbon framework with a heavy P content up to 1.90 at. % and small domain sizes. As a result, a high reversible capacity of~500 mA h g −1 after 200 cycles at 0.5 C is obtained, which is much higher than that of pristine mesoporous carbon and commercial graphite anode. More importantly, the resultant P-doped mesoporous carbons show a fast-charging capacity of 236 mA h g −1 at 8 C and stable longterm cycle life over 10,000 cycles at 10 A g −1 .

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“…The design and synthesis of functional colloidal carbon spheres has recently attracted great attention because of their wide applications in a number of research areas such as energy storage and conversion, catalysis, water and air purification, and adsorption . Their suitability for these application is attributed to the very unique properties of colloidal carbon spheres such as tunable porous structures, controllable particle size, large surface area, and controllable surface chemistry . All these properties of colloidal carbon spheres are highly dependent on their synthesis methodology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoengineering Carbon Spheres as Nanoreactors for Sustainable Energy Applications

2019

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adsorption. [1][2][3][4] Their suitability for these application is attributed to the very unique properties of colloidal carbon spheres such as tunable porous structures, controllable particle size, large surface area, and controllable surface chemistry. [5,6] All these properties of colloidal carbon spheres are highly dependent on their synthesis methodology. Over the past decades, great efforts have been made on the synthesis, characterization, and extension of the application of porous carbon spheres. More research advances on colloidal carbon spheres would provide new opportunities to understand their physical and chemical properties, as well as for the design and preparation of new structured carbon spheres built up from the molecular level, which can further provide guidelines for practical applications.To mimic the structure of cells, the asprepared artificial cells should own some properties such as spatial compartmentalization and selective permeability. Until now, polymersomes, [7] liposomes, [8] and multiple emulsions [9] have been used to imitate the structures and properties of natural cells. However, the softness, poor mechanical strength, and chemical robustness have hindered their practical applications. The carbon spheres are potentially promising candidates for construction of cell-like structures. The ideal colloidal carbon spheres should possess all or most of the following properties: a) large surface area and controllable surface functionalities for effective dispersion and loading of metal nanoparticles or other active species on their surface; b) superior conductivity to provide electron pathways; c) tunable porosity and particle size for facile mass transport; d) high stability for long term operation. [10][11][12][13] To achieve this goal, a series of synthetic strategies for these nanostructured carbon spheres have been developed, such as the Stöber method, [13] the template method, [14,15] hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), [16] and microemulsion polymerization. [17] To further modify the carbon spheres with various porous structures and functionalities, novel technologies for pore size control, surface modification, heteroatom doping, and graphitization engineering have also been developed and widely utilized.A number of excellent reviews on colloidal carbon spheres have been published in recent years, especially for energy storage applications. [1,5,18,19] In this context, this review article aims to systematically summarize the latest works, mainly focusing on synthetic approaches to optimized properties of Colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactors have been explored extensively as a class of versatile materials for various applications in energy storage, electrochemical conversion, and catalysis, due to their unique properties such as excellent electrical conductivity, high specific surface area, controlled porosity and permeability, and surface functionality. Here, the latest updated research on colloidal carbon sphere nanoreactor, in terms of both their synthesis and applications, is...

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Hierarchically porous carbon architectures embedded with hollow nanocapsules for high-performance lithium storage

Abstract: Hierarchically porous carbon architectures composed of a micro-sized porous carbon sphere matrix embedded with hollow nanocapsules are configured, demonstrating a large capacity and an ultra-high rate capability in lithium ion batteries.

Cited by 24 publications

References 56 publications

Natural Porous Carbon Derived from Popped Rice as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Natural Porous Carbon Derived from Popped Rice as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Mass production of large-pore phosphorus-doped mesoporous carbon for fast-rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

Nanoengineering Carbon Spheres as Nanoreactors for Sustainable Energy Applications

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