Mass production of large-pore phosphorus-doped mesoporous carbon for fast-rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

Wang, Jinxiu; Xia, Yuan; Liu, Yao; Li, Wei; Zhao, Dongyuan

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2019.01.008

Cited by 92 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Similarly, engineering of the mesoporous structures has also been demonstrated as a powerful strategy to increase the performance of anodes. The insertion‐type (e.g., carbons, [ 27 ] TiO 2 , [ 11,28,29 ] Nb 2 O 5 , [ 30 ] and Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 [ 31 ] ) anodes with mesostructures present higher power density and better cycling stability compared with their bulk counterparts. Recently, Wang and co‐workers have synthesized OM Ti 3+ doped Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (OM‐Ti 3+ ‐Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ) composites electrodes by the stoichiometric cationic coordination assembly (Figure 2c,d).…”

Section: Electrochemical Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoporous Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

Zhang

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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222

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electric grids, as well as biocompatible technologies, has attracted tremendous attention and is still a big challenge in the energy field. [1-4] The electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices, such as rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and electrolyzers, have been extensively explored. It is well known that electrode materials, e.g., anodes, cathodes, and catalysts, are the heart components of these devices, which play a decisive role in determining performance. Mesoporous materials, which have pore sizes ranging from 2 to 50 nm defined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, possess exceptional features, including high specific surface areas, large pore volumes, tunable pore sizes, and controllable geometries (Figure 1a-c). These features enable mesoporous materials as ideal candidates for energy conversion and storage because of the increased active reaction sites and enhanced transport efficiency of reactants. [3,5-7] Therefore, many precise manipulations and structural engineering strategies have been applied to construct advanced mesoporous electrodes with excellent electrochemical performance. Besides, the achieved electrodes with well-controlled mesoporous architectures could be used as platforms to study the fundamental research about the mass transport kinetics, charge transfer, and storage mechanism, as well as the interface electrochemical reactions behavior under the mesoporous nanoconfined space (Figure 1d-g). These fundamental studies are of great importance for further guiding the design of high-performance mesoporous electrodes for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. [6,8,9] In this Essay, we introduce the methods for synthesizing different types of mesoporous materials. Also, the key developments of applications of mesoporous materials in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices are highlighted. The synthesis-structure-property of mesoporous materials and their applications in rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and electrolyzers have been detailed, providing creative insight and enlightening comments on the construction of high-performance mesoporous electrodes. Following these, we propose the research challenges and perspectives on mesoporous materials for the future development of energy conversion and storage devices. Developing high-performance electrode materials is an urgent requirement for next-generation energy conversion and storage systems. Due to the exceptional features, mesoporous materials have shown great potential to achieve high-performance electrodes with high energy/power density, long lifetime, increased interfacial reaction activity, and enhanced kinetics. In this Essay, applications of mesoporous materials are reviewed in electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. The synthesis, structure, and properties of mesoporous materials and their performance in rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, and electrolyzers are discussed, providing practical details and enligh...

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Section: Electrochemical Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoporous Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

Zhang

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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222

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“…The presence of more oxygen content in the phosphorous-doped nanomaterials (Fig. 4a) confirms the successful incorporation of phosphorous atoms in the porous carbon structure [5,8,41,49,57]. It indicates that the P atoms are incorporated into AC t P-850 along with large amounts of oxygen-functional groups (carbonyls, C-O bonds, and carboxylates) which are beneficial for the improvement of capacitive performance.…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron (Xps) Analysismentioning

confidence: 68%

“…This kind of structure forms a route for the heteroatoms to move in the micropores of the carbon structure [47]. This causes more adsorption of phosphorus atoms in the nitric acid-treated carbon (12 at% in the present work) which is higher than the adsorption in raw activated carbon [4,8,44,48,49]. There is exfoliation of the carbon structure by phosphoric acid and a change of morphology can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: Fesem Analysismentioning

confidence: 77%

Synthesis and electrochemical study of phosphorus-doped porous carbon for supercapacitor applications

et al. 2021

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In the present investigation, we report the incorporation of phosphorous (P) atoms in the activated carbon and study its effect on the electrochemical performance. Porous carbon is synthesized by the chemical activation method from a bioresource and then pretreated with nitric acid. Phosphorus atoms were doped by the simple chemical method. The obtained phosphorous-doped nano-materials show an appreciable change of porosity and creation of a more wide range of meso- and macropores, and this affects their adsorption and electrochemical performance. The electrochemical study shows that doped carbon obtained at 850 °C (ACtP-850) delivers the maximum specific capacitance (328 Fg−1) in neutral aqueous electrolyte (1 M Na2SO4). The doped carbon material not only exhibits good cycling performance but also the highest specific energy of 29 Wh kg−1 corresponding to a specific power of 646 W kg−1. The improved capacitive performance of phosphorous-doped porous carbon material proposes its use in energy storage applications.

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“…Electrochemical performance of carbon anodes can vary greatly with doping of heteroatoms, such as boron, phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur . Table 2 compares the electrochemical performance of various carbon anodes doped with different heteroatoms.…”

Section: Disordered Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an effort toward sustainability, many hard carbons derived from renewable biomass have been explored as SIB anode . Hard carbons derived from biomass or waste products such as pomelo peels, peanut shells, okara, corn cobs, starch packing peanuts, apples, date palms, apricot shells, kelp, exhibited promising electrochemical performance . For example, banana peel derived carbon achieved a high capacity of 355 mAh g −1 , with only 7% capacity decay after 600 cycles at 500 mA g −1 , and reasonable rate capability of 155 mAh g −1 at 1 A g −1 .…”

Section: Disordered Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Anodes for Nonaqueous Alkali Metal‐Ion Batteries and Their Thermal Safety Aspects

Adams

Varma

2019

Advanced Energy Materials

137

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electrolyte, but were limited by significant safety concerns, such as thermal runaway, arising from the lithium metal anode and its tendency for dendrite formation. These dendrites develop and grow due to uneven lithium deposition caused by irregularities in the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) passivation layer, which forms via electrolyte decomposition on the highly reactive lithium anode surface. Eventually, repeated cycling can result in an internal short circuit via puncturing of the separator by dendrites for cell failure and possible thermal runaway. Extensive research was conducted to mitigate these concerns, primarily by electrolyte manipulation to improve SEI uniformity or implementation of a polymer based solid-state electrolyte. However, this issue has still not been fully overcome even to this day, resulting in the alternative strategy of replacing the lithium anode with an intercalation-based storage material.The development of these "rocking chair" batteries began in the 1980s, where charging transfers lithium from cathode to anode and discharging reverses this process, with the first practical demonstrations by Scrosati. [2] Substantial progress came with the discoveries of the standard electrode materials: LiCoO 2 cathode by Goodenough and co-workers in 1981, [3] and graphite anode by Yazami and Touzain in 1983. [4] The first cell comprising a carbon anode and LiCoO 2 cathode was tested by Yoshino in 1983, which exhibited superior safety features as compared to lithium metal anode. [5] Optimization of the electrolyte came from replacing propylene carbonate (PC), which underwent a decomposition reaction with graphite due to cointercalation and exfoliation, to ethylene carbonate (EC)/ diethyl carbonate (DEC) mixtures. A schematic of this mature LIB is shown in Figure 1a. Sony commercialized the lithiumion battery (LIB) in 1991, where the new electrochemistry demonstrated advantages of higher energy density, longer life time, and no memory effect, as compared to the conventional nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride secondary cells. Further progress and improvement in electrolyte, electrode microstructure, and cell manufacturing has led to a doubling of energy density for LIBs since their inception, almost 30 years later, despite their analogous operation mechanism. [6] Additionally, from their initial application for handheld electronics, LIBs are now seeing rapid utilization in vehicle electrification, with the global LIB capacity projected to double to 278 GWh per year Since their commercialization by Sony in 1991, graphite anodes in combination with various cathodes have enabled the widespread success of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), providing over 10 billion rechargeable batteries to the global population. Next-generation nonaqueous alkali metal-ion batteries, namely sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs), are projected to utilize intercalation-based carbon anodes as well, due to their favorable electrochemical properties. While traditionally graphite anodes have d...

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Mass production of large-pore phosphorus-doped mesoporous carbon for fast-rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

Cited by 92 publications

References 46 publications

Mesoporous Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

Mesoporous Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

Synthesis and electrochemical study of phosphorus-doped porous carbon for supercapacitor applications

Carbon Anodes for Nonaqueous Alkali Metal‐Ion Batteries and Their Thermal Safety Aspects

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