Hierarchically Porous and Orderly Mesostructured Carbon Nanorods with Excellent Supercapacitive Performance

Abstract

Ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC), as a supercapacitor electrode material, can reduce ion diffusion resistance and facilitate rapid mass transfer. Since the nanopore structure in the porous carbon electrode can act as a buffer reservoir for electrolyte ions, incorporating nanopores into OMC can minimize the diffusion distance of electrolyte ions at high current densities, thereby improving their performance in supercapacitor applications. Herein, hierarchical porous carbon nanorods with ordered mesoporous structures (OMRCs) were fabricated through a polyacrylic acid/hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide complex template self-assembly strategy. The prepared OMRCs had a unique Fm3m mesostructure with the primary ordered mesopores (∼3.6 nm) and secondary nanopores (∼16 nm), the nanopores are randomly distributed in the carbon matrix without disrupting the ordered mesoporous structure. Benefiting from the unique pore structure of OMRCs, large specific surface area (737 m 2 g −1 ), and pore volume (0.93 cm 3 g −1 ), the OMRCs electrode performed a high specific capacitance of 442 F g −1 at 1 A g −1 and an outstanding rate capability in the application of supercapacitors. Moreover, a symmetric supercapacitor was assembled with OMRC electrodes in a two-electrode system. At a power density of 250 W kg −1 , the supercapacitor displayed a high energy density of 15.5 Wh kg −1 . After 10,000 cycles at 2 A g −1 , the supercapacitor exhibited 1.5% capacitance fading. The remarkable electrochemical performance of OMRCs makes them suitable electrode materials for highperformance supercapacitors.

Oxygen-Enriched Hierarchical Nanoporous Carbon Electrodes for Supercapacitors

“…These curves resemble rectangular structures, and redox peaks representing pseudocapacitance reactions can be seen at a low voltage scan rate, revealing full utilization of reaction sites. 65 Additionally, the GCD curves at different current densities are similar to triangular shapes (Figure 7c,d), indicating that SS-SC possesses excellent charge−discharge capability even at high current densities. The C A calculated according to the GCD curves is shown in Figure 7e (the active area of the electrode is 9.66 cm 2 ), exhibiting 45.3 mF cm −2 at 0.4 mA cm −2 , revealing the excellent capacity retention of the SS-SC device.…”

“…To investigate the electrochemical characteristics of SS-SC, Figure b shows the CV curves of SS-SC at the voltage scanning rates of 20, 50, 70, 100, and 200 mV s –1 . These curves resemble rectangular structures, and redox peaks representing pseudocapacitance reactions can be seen at a low voltage scan rate, revealing full utilization of reaction sites . Additionally, the GCD curves at different current densities are similar to triangular shapes (Figure c,d), indicating that SS-SC possesses excellent charge–discharge capability even at high current densities.…”

Amine-aldehyde resin derived porous N-doped hollow carbon nanorods for high-energy capacitive energy storage

“…Yan et al fabricated porous N-doped carbon nanorods [25] by self-templating method employing metal-organic framework as the carbon source, which manifest an excellent cyclability in 6.0 M KOH. Chen et al constructed hierarchical porous carbon nanorods [26] with ordered mesoporous structure using the self-assembly strategy and the obtained materials manifested excellent specific capacitance and rate capability in 6.0 M KOH. Although the above-mentioned 1D carbon materials exhibit desirable capacitance in aqueous electrolytes, the energy density is unsatisfactory due to the limited voltage window [27].…”