Hierarchically Nanostructured 1D Conductive Bundle Yarn‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Abstract

Wearable 2D textile platforms are the subject of intense focus to promote the creation of outstanding added value for textile-based applications in consumer electronics, energy harvesting, and storage. In particular, 2D textile-based energy harvesters from the living environment of human motions exhibit insufficient geometry deformation and low current density, thereby providing low power generation. Therefore, a unique starting point in this work is the use of 1D conductive bundle yarn (1D CBY) as a generic step for the development of 1D CBY-based energy harvesters through a weaving technology. The performance of 1D CBY-based triboelectric nanogenerators (1D CBY-TENGs) is addressed through contact electrification between the arrays of nanostructured 1D CBYs and 2D conductive fabric serving as tribomaterials. The manipulation of hierarchically nanostructured surfaces on the 1D CBYs by the hydrothermal process represents one of the crucial approaches of enhancing power generation through a large contact surface area. The 1D CBY-TENGs with a variation in the number of 1D CBY and stack configurations are also tested as a simple integration scheme, confirming the expected 1D CBY number and stack dependency in the output performance.

A Filter Paper‐Based Nanogenerator via Water‐Drop Flow

“…Various energies have been harvested using many kinds of nanogenerators, such as triboelectric nanogenerators, PENGs, thermal–electric nanogenerators, and photoelectric nanogenerators . In addition, the as‐harvested energy has various resources, such as wind, heat energy, solar power, vibration, mechanical energy, electromagnetic waves, chemical energy, and water energy …”

“…[10][11][12][13] Various energies have been harvested using many kinds of nanogenerators, [4] such as triboelectric nanogenerators, [13] PENGs, [14] thermal-electric nanogenerators, [15] and photoelectric nanogenerators. [16] In addition, the as-harvested energy has various resources, such as wind, [17][18][19] heat energy, [20,21] solar power, [22] vibration, [23,24] mechanical energy, [25] electromagnetic waves, [26] chemical energy, [27] and water energy. [11,28,29] Therein, the nanogengerator induced from water-flow [30][31][32][33][34] and water evaporation [29,35] is a majority part of the water energy nanogenerator.…”

E-Textile Technology Review–From Materials to Application

“…Secondly, the use of textiles, fibers and yarns as triboelectric materials has demonstrated significant progress in the fabrication of wearable TENG devices. These are categorized as 1-D-structure for a fiber TENG (Figure 7b) [181], [183]- [186] and yarn TENG (Figure 7c) [171], [187], [188]- [189]. Fiber TENGs work based on the interaction within the core-shell of the textile fiber.…”

Progress on wearable triboelectric nanogenerators in shapes of fiber, yarn, and textile

“…Compared with fiber TENG, yarn TENG offers more choices on fiber type and working mode, the contact-separation can be realized between different fibers under multiple deformations of device such as bending, twisting, stretching. In the following section, we summarize the configuration of yarn TENGs as well as their advantages and challenges in structure and performance [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. Furthermore, we introduce the hybrid 1D devices for self-charging energy management based on TENGs of fibers and yarns [64][65][66].…”

“…These decorated yarns can be designed as the arrays for mechanical interaction with a conductive fabric embedded in PDMS. A typical array composed of 10 yarns generates outputs of 78.1 V and 9.7 µA cm −2 , respectively, showing highly improved triboelectric performance than that of a single yarn device without decoration [59].…”