“…In terms of antimicrobial activity, the available literature demonstrates the potential of both zinc/cerium-substituted magnetite nanoparticles and zinc/cerium oxide nanoparticles against a wide variety of microbial species, e.g., B. cereus [ 19 ], B. subtilis [ 24 , 60 ], S. aureus [ 20 , 32 , 60 , 61 , 62 ], S. enterica [ 63 ], E. coli [ 19 , 20 , 24 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ], P. aeruginosa [ 60 , 65 ], C. jejuni [ 63 ], and C. albicans [ 19 ]. While the mechanistic pathway behind the activity of zinc/cerium-substituted magnetite nanoparticles has not been precisely determined, it could be assumed that it is based on the targeting of the microbial cell wall, followed by the release of the zinc and cerium ions within the microbial environment and the consequent generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species [ 31 , 60 ].…”