Hierarchical Porous Interlocked Polymeric Microcapsules: Sulfonic Acid Functionalization as Acid Catalysts

Abstract

Owing to their unique structural and surface properties, mesoporous microspheres are widely applied in the catalytic field. Generally, increasing the surface area of the specific active phase of the catalyst is a good method, which can achieve a higher catalytic activity through the fabrication of the corresponding catalytic microspheres with the smaller size and hollow structure. However, one of the major challenges in the use of hollow microspheres (microcapsules) as catalysts is their chemical and structural stability. Herein, the grape-like hypercrosslinked polystyrene hierarchical porous interlocked microcapsule (HPIM-HCL-PS) is fabricated by SiO2 colloidal crystals templates, whose structure is the combination of open mouthed structure, mesoporous nanostructure and interlocked architecture. Numerous microcapsules assembling together and forming the roughly grape-like microcapsule aggregates can enhance the structural stability and recyclability of these microcapsules. After undergoing the sulfonation, the sulfonated HPIM-HCL-PS is served as recyclable acid catalyst for condensation reaction between benzaldehyde and ethylene glycol (TOF = 793 h−1), moreover, exhibits superior activity, selectivity and recyclability.

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“…HCL microporous nanocomposites are nowadays a class of materials that are widely studied for applications in adsorption and catalysis [ 71 , 72 ].…”

Current Advances of Hollow Capsules as Controlled Drug Delivery Systems

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Tribological behaviors of water-based drilling mud with oleic acid-filled microcapsules as lubricant additives for steel-steel contact

“…It is significant to develop higher effective water-based lubricant additives to meet the deeper drilling challenges. Microcapsulation of additives is one of the useful methods to isolate additives from the external environment and keep its property stable (Wang et al, 2017).…”