Hierarchical analysis of dietary, lifestyle and family environment risk factors for childhood obesity: the GRECO study

Farajian, Paul; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes Β.; Risvas, Grigoris; Malisova, Olga; Zampelas, Antonis

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.89

Cited by 42 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although previous studies have reported the association between lifestyle factors (diet, physical activity habits and sedentary behaviors) and overweight/obesity among adolescents [24,30,31], these lifestyle factors were related to distorted body image independently of actual BMI in this study. Moreover, the impact of lifestyle on overestimating body weight varied by sex; overestimated body weight was positively associated with snacking after dinner among girls, while it was negatively associated with exercise behavior among boys.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Body Weight Perception, Mental Health, and Weight Control Behavior in Normal Weight Adolescents: Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015

Lee¹

2017

Child Health Nurs Res

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Background: Distorted body image plays a significant role in the development of obesity, eating problems, and eating disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between distorted body image and lifestyle among Japanese adolescent boys and girls. Methods: Subjects were 1731 seventh graders (age 12-13 years) from the Ina-town's junior high schools, Japan, from [2005][2006][2007][2008][2009]. The height and weight of each subject were measured. Childhood underweight, overweight, and obesity were defined using the body mass index cutoff points proposed by the International Obesity Task Force. Information regarding the self-perceived weight status and lifestyles (exercise, snacking after dinner, breakfast, wakeup time, bedtime) of each subject was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Self-perceived weight status was categorized into three groups (thin, normal, or heavy), and compared with the subjects' actual weight status. Body image perception was categorized into the following three groups: an underestimated own weight status group (underestimated group), a correct own weight status group (correct group) and an overestimated own weight status group (overestimated group). Results: The proportion of boys in the underestimated group was higher than that of girls, while the opposite was true for the overestimated group (P < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in lifestyle between the underestimated group and the correct group regardless of sex. In contrast, there were statistically significant differences between the overestimated group and the correct group in the lifestyle factors of exercise among boys and snacking after dinner among girls. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) in boys who exercised daily significantly decreased (OR: 0.35,, while a significantly increased OR was observed in girls who snacked after dinner (OR: 1.53, 95 % CI: 1.07-2.19). Conclusion: Adolescent boys tended to underestimate their body weight, whereas adolescent girls were likely to overestimate their body weight. Furthermore, lifestyle factors associated with distorted body image differed by sex, with exercise affecting body image perception among boys and snacking after dinner affecting body image perception among girls. Thus, lifestyle may lead to distorted body image among adolescents.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Body Weight Perception, Mental Health, and Weight Control Behavior in Normal Weight Adolescents: Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015

Lee¹

2017

Child Health Nurs Res

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“…Eating fewer meals together as a family were associated with childhood obesity . Watching television while eating was also associated with increased risk , with a potential dose‐dependent relationship .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Obesity in both parents was identified as a risk factor for childhood obesity in nine studies whereas seven studies found that obesity in either parent was a risk factor . In terms of paternal weight, five studies reported associations between paternal BMI and childhood obesity, and 16 studies found associations between paternal and childhood obesity. Regarding pre‐partum maternal weight, three studies found relationships between BMI and childhood obesity, and seven studies reported associations between maternal obesity and childhood obesity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A scoping review of epidemiologic risk factors for pediatric obesity: Implications for future childhood obesity and dental caries prevention research

Donald

Luu

Chu

2017

J Public Health Dent

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Research Questions: What are the non-modifiable (socioeconomic, genetic) and modifiable factors (physical activity, dietary behaviors) related to childhood (under age 12) obesity? How can this knowledge be applied to oral health professionals' efforts to prevent or manage dental caries in children? Objectives: Studies have identified risk factors for childhood obesity. The purpose of this scoping review was to develop a conceptual model to identify nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors for childhood obesity and to illustrate how these findings are relevant in developing interventions aimed at preventing obesity and dental caries in children. Methods: The authors searched PubMed and Embase and limited the study to English-language publications. A total of 2,572 studies were identified. After deduplication, 2,479 studies remained and were downloaded into a citationmanagement tool. Two authors screened the titles and abstracts for relevance. Two hundred and sixty studies remained and were retrieved for a full-text review, and 80 studies were excluded, resulting in 180 studies included in the scoping review. An inductive content analytic methods was used to organize all statistically significant obesity risk factors into seven domains, which were classified as nonmodifiable or modifiable; then a conceptual model of common risk factors associated with childhood obesity and dental caries was developed. Results: Non-modifiable obesity risk factors include biological and developmental (e.g., genes, developmental conditions, puberty), sociodemographic and household (e.g., race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, parent education, unemployment), cultural (e.g., degree of acculturation), and community (e.g., neighborhood composition). Modifiable risk factors included behavioral (e.g., diet, physical activity, weight), psychosocial (e.g., maternal stress, family functioning, parenting practices, child temperament), and medical (e.g., parent smoking, maternal health, child health). Conclusions: Identifying common risk factors has important implications for future oral health research aimed at preventing childhood obesity and dental caries. Epidemiologic knowledge gleaned from the literature can be used to develop rigorous interventions and programs aimed at preventing these highly prevalent diseases and improving health outcomes for children.

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“…Finally, the two patterns characterized mainly by higher daily number of meals and snacks (component 3) and higher breakfast frequency (component 4) showed a negative association with free sugars intake. Previous work in this area has shown that both frequent breakfast consumption and a higher number of meals during the day, besides protecting against childhood OW/OB, are also associated with better diet quality (54)(55)(56)(57) . The limitations of the present work are mostly due to its cross-sectional nature since cause-and-effect relationships cannot be drawn.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food sources of free sugars in children’s diet and identification of lifestyle patterns associated with free sugars intake: the GRECO (Greek Childhood Obesity) study

Farajian

Risvas

Panagiotakos

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Excessive free sugars consumption has a possible role in health issues, diet quality and obesity development. The present cross-sectional study aimed to identify the major food sources of free sugars in Greek children's diet and investigate possible associations of dietary patterns with free sugars intake. Design: Anthropometric measurements and information on dietary and physical activity habits were obtained. Energy and free sugars intake coming from foods were estimated and principal components analysis was applied to identify dietary patterns. Setting: The GRECO (Greek Childhood Obesity) study. Subjects: Nationwide sample of 3089 children (aged 10-12 years). Results: Adopting WHO criteria, 44·2 % of participants were categorized as having free sugars intake above 10 % of total energy intake. Mean contribution of free sugars to energy intake was 11·2 %, and the major food sources of free sugars differed from those of other childhood populations. Free sugars intake was not associated with overweight/obesity. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that two lifestyle and dietary patterns, characterized by higher consumption of sweets, fast foods, fries, sugared drinks, frequently ordering/eating outside home and having meals in front of a screen (pattern 1) and higher consumption of whole fruits, 100 % fruit juices, vegetables, legumes and honey/jam (pattern 2), were positively associated with free sugars intake. Conclusions: A large proportion of children exceeded the recommended cut-off and free sugars intake was associated with lifestyle patterns rather than single foods. Public health programmes aiming to reduce free sugars consumption should be tailored on promoting the correct dietary habits of specific childhood populations.

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Hierarchical analysis of dietary, lifestyle and family environment risk factors for childhood obesity: the GRECO study

Abstract: These findings could guide future investigations or public health initiatives to prevent and confront the childhood OB epidemic more efficiently.

Cited by 42 publications

References 35 publications

Body Weight Perception, Mental Health, and Weight Control Behavior in Normal Weight Adolescents: Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015

Body Weight Perception, Mental Health, and Weight Control Behavior in Normal Weight Adolescents: Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015

A scoping review of epidemiologic risk factors for pediatric obesity: Implications for future childhood obesity and dental caries prevention research

Food sources of free sugars in children’s diet and identification of lifestyle patterns associated with free sugars intake: the GRECO (Greek Childhood Obesity) study

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