Hick’s law equivalent for reaction time to individual stimuli

Kvålseth, Tarald O.

doi:10.1111/bmsp.12232

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Choice response times of human observers were measured as the psychophysical consequence of stimulus uncertainty [53,54] in a task-design with minimized symmetry detection error and no speed-accuracy trade-off [55,56]. This was ensured by the fact that shape pairs with vertical mirror symmetry were presented in optimal planar view and in the absence of contextual visual noise.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color Variability Constrains Detection of Geometrically Perfect Mirror Symmetry

Dresp-Langley

2022

Computation

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Symmetry in nature is a result of biological self-organization, driven by evolutionary processes. Detected by the visual systems of various species, from invertebrates to primates, symmetry determines survival relevant choice behaviors and supports adaptive function by reducing stimulus uncertainty. Symmetry also provides a major structural key to bio-inspired artificial vision and shape or movement simulations. In this psychophysical study, local variations in color covering the whole spectrum of visible wavelengths are compared to local variations in luminance contrast across an axis of geometrically perfect vertical mirror symmetry. The chromatic variations are found to delay response time to shape symmetry to a significantly larger extent than achromatic variations. This effect depends on the degree of variability, i.e., stimulus complexity. In both cases, we observe linear increase in response time as a function of local color variations across the vertical axis of symmetry. These results are directly explained by the difference in computational complexity between the two major (magnocellular vs parvocellular) visual pathways involved in filtering the contrast (luminance vs luminance and color) of the shapes. It is concluded that color variability across an axis of symmetry proves detrimental to the rapid detection of symmetry, and, presumably, other structural shape regularities. The results have implications for vision-inspired artificial intelligence and robotics exploiting functional principles of human vision for gesture and movement detection, or geometric shape simulation for recognition systems, where symmetry is often a critical property.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color Variability Constrains Detection of Geometrically Perfect Mirror Symmetry

Dresp-Langley

2022

Computation

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“…After examining the data from both online and in-person data collection, it became clear that both a minimum response latency and maximum response latency should be employed, as improbable times existed at both ends of the distribution. The minimum response time was set to 160 ms based on Hick's Law (Kvålseth, 2021;Proctor & Schneider, 2018). The maximum response latency was calculated as two times the mean absolute deviation plus the median calculated separately for each participant.…”

Section: Data Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Object Orientation Effects Across 18 Languages

Chen¹,

Buchanan²,

Kekecs³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Mental simulation theories of language comprehension propose that people automatically create mental representations of objects mentioned in sentences. Mental representation is often measured with the sentence-picture verification task, wherein participants first read a sentence that implies the object property (i.e., shape and orientation). Participants then respond to an image of an object by indicating whether it was an object from the sentence or not. Previous studies have shown matching advantages for shape, but findings concerning object orientation have not been robust across languages. This registered report investigated the match advantage of object orientation across 18 languages in nearly 4,000 participants. The preregistered analysis revealed no compelling evidence for a match advantage across languages. Additionally, the match advantage was not predicted by mental rotation scores. Overall, the results did not support current mental simulation theories.

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“…Hick’s law is a psychophysical theorem of the relationship between the number of choices and the time cost, which is commonly described that the more choices there are, the longer time is to make a decision ( Kvålseth, 2021 ). The approximate relationship between the time cost and the number of choices is presented in Figure 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive Design Psychology and Artificial Intelligence-Based Innovative Exploration of Anglo-American Traumatic Narrative Literature

2022

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The advent of the intelligence age has injected new elements into the development of literature. The synergic modification of Anglo-American (AAL) traumatic narrative (TN) literature by artificial intelligence (AI) technology and interactive design (ID) psychology will produce new possibilities in literary creation. First, by studying natural language processing (NLP) technology, this study proposes a modification language model (LM) based on the double-layered recurrent neural network (RNN) algorithm and constructs an intelligent language modification system based on the improved LM model. The results show that the performance of the proposed model is excellent; only about 30% of the respondents like AAL literature; the lack of common cultural background, appreciation difficulties, and language barriers have become the main reasons for the decline of reading willingness of AAL literature. Finally, AI technology and ID psychology are used to modify a famous TN work respectively and synergically, and the modified work is appreciated by respondents to collect their comments. The results corroborate that 62% of the respondents like original articles, but their likability scores have decreased for individually modified work by AI or ID psychology. In comparison, under the synergic modification efforts of AI and ID psychology, the popularity of the modified work has increased slightly, with 65% of the respondents showing a likability to read. Therefore, it is concluded that literary modification by single ID psychology or AI technology will reduce the reading threshold by trading off the literary value of the original work. The core of literary creation depends on human intelligence, and AI might still not be able to generate high-standard literary works independently because human minds and thoughts cannot be controlled and predicted by machines. The research results provide new ideas and improvement directions for the field of AI-assisted writing.

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Hick’s law equivalent for reaction time to individual stimuli

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Color Variability Constrains Detection of Geometrically Perfect Mirror Symmetry

Color Variability Constrains Detection of Geometrically Perfect Mirror Symmetry

Investigating Object Orientation Effects Across 18 Languages

Interactive Design Psychology and Artificial Intelligence-Based Innovative Exploration of Anglo-American Traumatic Narrative Literature

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