Hexagonal Fractal Antenna using Koch for Wireless Applications

Gupta, Manisha; Mathur, Vinita

doi:10.1515/freq-2017-0203

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Conventional hexagonal‐shaped antenna has been revealed in Reference which operates on single frequency and depicts very low bandwidth. References and also designed and investigated the hexagonal‐shaped antennas but antennas expounded in this manuscript are compact in size, exhibit more number of frequency bands and wider bandwidth in comparison to existing work reported in Table .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Conventional hexagonal antenna has been designed by Rasheduzzaman et al for S‐band applications with a maximum gain of 2.3 dBi. Similarly, Gupta et al has anticipated the effects of Koch fractal geometry on the performance of designed hexagonal antenna for UWB characteristics from 3.27 to 8.2 GHz frequency band. To understand the above‐mentioned literature more clearly, the few references have been delineated in Table .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance enhancement of nested hexagonal ring‐shaped compact multiband integrated wideband fractal antennas for wireless applications

Sharma

Bhatia

2019

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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In this paper, nested hexagonal ring-shaped fractal antennas are designed and investigated which are different from each other in patch orientation. Initially, the multiband integrated wideband hexagonal nested ring antenna is designed (antenna-I). To improve the multiband/wideband behavior, the patch orientation of antenna-I is changed to −60 /60 (antenna-II), −120 /120 (antenna-III), and −180 /180 (antenna-IV). Antennas are designed on low cost FR-4 glass epoxy substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and overall dimension 30 × 30 × 1.6 mm 3 . Comparison among antennas have been made and found that the antennas with negative orientation exhibit better results in terms of bandwidth, impedance matching, number of frequency bands, and gain. Designed antennas have been compared with each other and found that antennas-II and III are better in performance as compared to antennas-I and IV. Antenna-II exhibits wider bandwidth of 1.26 (2.52-3.78 GHz), 2.75 (4.03-6.78 GHz), and 6.1 GHz (7.82-13.92 GHz) with maximum gain of 7.14 dB. Similarly; antenna-III exhibits the bandwidth of 340 MHz (1.92-2.26 GHz), 820 MHz (3.04-3.86 GHz), 4230 MHz (5.38-9.61 GHz), and 3040 MHz (10.41-13.45 GHz) with a maximum gain of 6.19 dB. Prototype of the designed antennas with satisfactory orientations are fabricated and tested for the validation of results. Simulated and measured results are also juxtaposed and observed in good agreement with each other. Antennas exhibit bidirectional and omnidirectional pattern in E-plane and H-plane, respectively, also the radiation efficiency of antennas are in acceptable range from 75% to 95%. Due to the wider bandwidth of designed antennas, they can be used for different wireless standards such as Advance Wireless Services AWS-1, AWS-2, AWS-3, Wi-MAX, WLAN, X-band satellite communication, point-to-point wireless applications, ITU band, military satellite communication, television broadcasting, and military land and airborne systems. K E Y W O R D S fractal antenna, multiband, nested hexagonal ring, wideband

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance enhancement of nested hexagonal ring‐shaped compact multiband integrated wideband fractal antennas for wireless applications

Sharma

Bhatia

2019

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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“…Kola et al [17] designed a fractal antenna for an X-band application; it consisted of a four-fold centrosymmetric radiating element. Gupta et al [18] reported a hexagon Koch snowflake fractal antenna shielded the broad bandwidth (3.265-8.2 GHz). Puri et al [19] designed a multiband plus-shaped fractal antenna with dual frequency bands covering the Global System for Mobile (GSM) band, 5G spectrum band, sub-6 GHz band, Long Term Evolution (LTE) band, and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) band.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Miniaturized Tri-Wideband Sierpinski Hexagonal-Shaped Fractal Antenna for Wireless Communication Applications

et al. 2023

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This paper introduces a new tri-wideband fractal antenna for use in wireless communication applications. The fractal manufactured antenna developed has a Sierpinski hexagonal-shaped radiating element and a partial ground plane loaded with three rectangular stubs and three rectangular slits. The investigated antenna has a small footprint of 0.19λ0 × 0.24 λ0 × 0.0128 λ0 and improved bandwidth and gain. According to the measurements, the designed antenna resonates throughout the frequency ranges of 2.19–4.43 GHz, 4.8–7.76 GHz, and 8.04–11.32 GHz. These frequency ranges are compatible with a variety of wireless technologies, including WLAN, WiMAX, ISM, LTE, RFID, Bluetooth, 5G spectrum band, C-band, and X-band. The investigated antenna exhibited good gain with almost omnidirectional radiation patterns. Utilizing CST MWS, the performance of the suggested Sierpinski hexagonal-shaped fractal antenna was achieved. The findings were then compared to the experimental results, which were found to be in strong agreement.

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“…In [13], Koch fractals are used as metasurface slots to designed wideband antenna that covers from 1.45 GHz − 4.86 GHz. In [14], hexagonal fractal antenna with Koch is used to achieve the UWB coverage. Smiley shaped fractal model is used to design UWB antenna in [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bandwidth enhanced deltoid leaf fractal antenna for 5.8 GHz WLAN applications

Kodali

Siddaiah²,

Prasad³

2022

TELKOMNIKA

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A wideband deltoid leaf fractal antenna is proposed for 5.8 GHz commonly used in industrial scientific and medical (ISM) and wireless local area networks (WLAN) applications. A microstrip patch antennas is designed with leaf shape radiating element. Using a leaf shape, it is possible to increase the perimeter of a design and thus reduce the overall dimensions of the antenna. A circular ring slot is made on the leaf shaped radiator, in a way that a circular disc is loaded at centre. Triangular fractal slots are made inside the circular disc to make it miniaturized. A partial ground is maintained with slot at centre. The antenna is fed by micro-strip feed. The locality and measurements of the fractal slots are varied to make the antenna radiate at 5.8 GHz with wider bandwidth (BW) of (2.26 GHz). The complete size of the antenna is 40 mm 3 × 40 mm 3 × 1.6 mm 3 . The step-by-step implementation of the antenna and the effects of its dimensions are compared and presented using the reflection coefficient curve. The measured reflections coefficient |S11|<-10 dB maintained the operational band from (5.36 GHz − 7.62 GHz), with gain 4.2 dBi. The proposed antenna is planned and simulated using high frequency structure simulator (HFSS). The simulated and measured comparison showed good agreement, the designed antenna is suitable for 5.8 GHz WLAN applications with wider bandwidth requirements.

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Hexagonal Fractal Antenna using Koch for Wireless Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Performance enhancement of nested hexagonal ring‐shaped compact multiband integrated wideband fractal antennas for wireless applications

Performance enhancement of nested hexagonal ring‐shaped compact multiband integrated wideband fractal antennas for wireless applications

A Miniaturized Tri-Wideband Sierpinski Hexagonal-Shaped Fractal Antenna for Wireless Communication Applications

Bandwidth enhanced deltoid leaf fractal antenna for 5.8 GHz WLAN applications

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