Heterozygosity and lungworm burden in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)

Rijks, Jolianne M.; Hoffman, Joseph I.; Kuiken, Thijs; Osterhaus, Albert; Amos, William

doi:10.1038/hdy.2008.18

Cited by 72 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Rijks et al (21) reported a negative association between heterozygosity at 27 microsatellites and lungworm burden in dead harbor seals stranded on the Dutch Wadden Sea coast. However, this was only statistically significant for young seals, defined as being less than 1 y of age, which were more likely to carry lungworms than older seals (21). We therefore RAD sequenced all 43 of the young seals from this study, together with 37 older seals selected at random from the 161 available.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

High-throughput sequencing reveals inbreeding depression in a natural population

Hoffman

Simpson

David

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

229

243

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Proxy measures of genome-wide heterozygosity based on approximately 10 microsatellites have been used to uncover heterozygosity fitness correlations (HFCs) for a wealth of important fitness traits in natural populations. However, effect sizes are typically very small and the underlying mechanisms remain contentious, as a handful of markers usually provides little power to detect inbreeding. We therefore used restriction site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing to accurately estimate genome-wide heterozygosity, an approach transferrable to any organism. As a proof of concept, we first RAD sequenced oldfield mice (Peromyscus polionotus) from a known pedigree, finding strong concordance between the inbreeding coefficient and heterozygosity measured at 13,198 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). When applied to a natural population of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina), a weak HFC for parasite infection based on 27 microsatellites strengthened considerably with 14,585 SNPs, the deviance explained by heterozygosity increasing almost fivefold to a remarkable 49%. These findings arguably provide the strongest evidence to date of an HFC being due to inbreeding depression in a natural population lacking a pedigree. They also suggest that under some circumstances heterozygosity may explain far more variation in fitness than previously envisaged.inbreeding | genetic variability | heterozygosity fitness correlation | single nucleotide polymorphism | RAD sequencing

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then applied RAD sequencing to a natural population of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) to determine whether inbreeding explains previously reported HFCs for survivorship and parasite infection (21). We hypothesized that these HFCs should strengthen with the deployment of many thousands of SNPs if they are due to inbreeding.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput sequencing reveals inbreeding depression in a natural population

Hoffman

Simpson

David

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

229

243

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…General effects, and by extension inbreeding depression, are commonly suggested to explain HFCs in natural populations (e.g. Rossiter et al 2001;Bensch et al 2006;Fossøy et al 2008;Rijks et al 2008) although the extent to which heterozygosity measured at a few loci can truly reflect levels of genome-wide diversity is a contentious issue (Balloux et al 2004;Slate et al 2004;Hansson & Westerberg 2008; although see Aparicio et al 2007).…”

Section: A Brief Review Of Hypotheses Explaining Heterozygosityfitnesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative review of heterozygosity–fitness correlations in animal populations

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ease of obtaining genotypic data from wild populations has renewed interest in the relationship between individual genetic diversity and fitness-related traits (heterozygosityfitness correlations, or HFC). Here we present a comprehensive meta-analysis of HFC studies using powerful multivariate techniques which account for nonindependence of data. We comparethesefindingswiththosefromunivariatetechniques,andtesttheinfluenceofarange of factors hypothesized to influence the strength of HFCs. We found small but significantly positive effect sizes for life-history, morphological, and physiological traits; while theory predicts higher mean effect sizes for life-history traits, effect size did not differ consistently with trait type. Newly proposed measures of variation were no more powerful at detecting relationships than multilocus heterozygosity, and populations predicted to have elevated inbreeding variance did not exhibit higher mean effect sizes. Finally, we found evidence for publication bias, with studies reporting weak, nonsignificant effects being under-represented in the literature. In general, our review shows that HFC studies do not generally reveal patterns predicted by population genetic theory, and are of small effect (less than 1% of the variancein phenotypic characters explained). Future studies should use more genetic marker dataandutilizesamplingdesignsthatshedmorelightonthebiologicalmechanismsthatmay modulate the strength of association, for example by contrasting the strength of HFCs in mainlandandislandpopulationsofthesamespecies,investigatingtheroleofenvironmental stress, or by considering how selection has shaped the traits under investigation.

show abstract

“…Empirical evidence for disease costs of inbreeding has been documented in captive settings (e.g. Spielman et al 2004;Hawley et al 2005;Ross-Gillespie et al 2007;Charpentier et al 2008;Ilmonen et al 2008) as well as in an array of free-living taxa, including California sea lions (Zalophus californianus; Acevedo- Whitehouse et al 2003), Mediterranean striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba; Valsecchi et al 2004), Galapagos hawks (Buteo galapagoensis; Whiteman et al 2006), Soay sheep (Ovis aries; Coltman et al 1999), harbour seals (Phoca vitulina; Rijks et al 2008) and American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos; Townsend et al 2009a). In some studies, however, the relationship between inbreeding and disease is unclear (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condition, innate immunity and disease mortality of inbred crows

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cooperatively breeding American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) suffer a severe disease-mediated survival cost from inbreeding, but the proximate mechanisms linking inbreeding to disease are unknown. Here, we examine indices of nestling body condition and innate immunocompetence in relationship to inbreeding and disease mortality. Using an estimate of microsatellite heterozygosity that predicts inbreeding in this population, we show that inbred crows were in relatively poor condition as nestlings, and that body condition index measured in the first 2-33 days after hatching, in addition to inbreeding index, predicted disease probability in the first 34 months of life. Inbred nestlings also mounted a weaker response along one axis of innate immunity: the proportion of bacteria killed in a microbiocidal assay increased as heterozygosity index increased. Relatively poor body condition and low innate immunocompetence are two mechanisms that might predispose inbred crows to ultimate disease mortality. A better understanding of condition-mediated inbreeding depression can guide efforts to minimize disease costs of inbreeding in small populations.

show abstract

Heterozygosity and lungworm burden in harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)

Cited by 72 publications

References 42 publications

High-throughput sequencing reveals inbreeding depression in a natural population

High-throughput sequencing reveals inbreeding depression in a natural population

A quantitative review of heterozygosity–fitness correlations in animal populations

Condition, innate immunity and disease mortality of inbred crows

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About