Heteromorphic incompatibility retained in self‐compatible plants produced by a cross between common and wild buckwheat

Matsui, Kenichi; Tetsuka, Takahisa; Nishio, Takeshi; Hara, Takahiro

doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00840.x

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…They postulated that the S supergene of buckwheat consists of five genes: G, style length; I S , stylar incompatibility; I P , pollen incompatibility; P, pollen size; and A, anther height (Fig. 2) We found that a self-compatible line that was produced by an interspecific cross between common buckwheat and F. homotropicum shows the pollen-style interaction in accordance with the S supergene hypothesis 9 . The flower morphology is long homostyle (Fig.…”

Section: S Supergene Hypothesis and Breakdown Of Selfincompatibility supporting

confidence: 73%

Use of Self-Compatibility and Modifier Genes for Breeding and Genetic Analysis in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)

Matsui

Nishio

Tetsuka

2007

JARQ

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IntroductionIn many flowering plants, self-incompatibility (SI) is an important system to prevent inbreeding and to promote outbreeding. In most species studied, the SI system is controlled by a single locus, S. SI is primarily a reaction between haploid pollen grains or pollen tubes and diploid stigmas or styles. SI is classified into two distinct types by whether the SI response is related to floral morphology, such as style length, anther height and pollen size (heteromorphic SI), or not (homomorphic SI).There are two distinct types of homomorphic SI: gametophytic (GSI) and sporophytic control (SSI) of SI response. In the GSI system, the pollen SI phenotype is determined by its own genotype. In the SSI system, the pollen SI phenotype is determined by the genotype of its diploid parent. Heteromorphic incompatibility also is due to SSI.Recent studies of SI have clarified the mechanisms of homomorphic SSI and GSI at the molecular level 4,6,16 .The molecular basis of heteromorphic incompatibility has yet not been clarified. There are also two types of heteromorphic incompatibility: distylous and tristylous. Most species with heteromorphic flowers have distylous SI. Common buckwheat is a distylous self-incompatible species with two types of floral architecture: thrum, having short styles and high anthers; and pin, having long styles and low anthers 1 . This characteristic is controlled by a single gene complex that segregates as a simple Mendelian factor, with one dominant allele (S) found only in thrum plants and one recessive allele (s) present in the heterozygous state in thrum plants and in the homozygous state in pin plants 5 . Recently, a self-compatible allele, S h , which is derived from F. homotropicum, has been reported 13,18 . The flower morphology of a plant with S h allele is long-homostyle. Here we review the genetic aspects of heteromorphic incompatibility in common buckwheat and discuss the use of the self-compatible allele and genes suppressing the SI functions in buckwheat breeding and genetic analysis. REVIEW Use of Self-Compatibility and Modifier Genes for Breeding and Genetic Analysis in Common AbstractCommon buckwheat plants have heteromorphic self-incompatibility. Using two self-fertilizing lines, we revealed that there are two distinct systems of self-compatibility, one using a self-compatible allele, S h , the other using modifier genes located outside the S locus and suppressing the functions of the Slocus genes. Discipline: Plant breeding Additional key words: heteromorphic incompatibility, pollen tube growth, S locus, S supergene JARQ 41 (1), 1 -5 (2007)

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Section: S Supergene Hypothesis and Breakdown Of Selfincompatibility supporting

confidence: 73%

Use of Self-Compatibility and Modifier Genes for Breeding and Genetic Analysis in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)

Matsui

Nishio

Tetsuka

2007

JARQ

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“…A recent experiment, conducted by Matsui et al (2003), also supported the hypothesis and suggested that F. homotropicum, an unusual self pollinating species, has arisen by a past recombination event in the S gene complex. In order to clarify the molecular mechanism of the heteromorphic self-incompatibility system and its evolution, a large insert size library with enough genomic coverage is necessary to clone the entire S locus, for both S and s haplotypes.…”

Section: Pcr Screening and Library Coveragementioning

confidence: 82%

Construction of a BAC library for buckwheat genome research -An application to positional cloning of agriculturally valuable traits-

et al. 2008

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We have constructed a BAC library for common buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. The library includes 142,005 clones with an average insert size of ~76 kb, equivalent to approximately a 7~8-fold coverage of the genome. Polymerase chain reaction based screening of the library with AGAMOUS and FLORICAULA/ LEAFY primers, has identified 7 and 9 BACs, respectively, which are consistent with the genome coverage. This library represents the first large insert genomic library for F. esculentum and it can be served as a genetic resource facilitating agricultural, pharmacological, physiological, and evolutionary studies of the species. To demonstrate the utilization of the library for characterizing agriculturally valuable traits, we developed a sequence tagged site marker tightly linked to the dwarf E locus as well as to the self-incompatibility complex locus and screened the library to initiate positional cloning of the causative genes.

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“…This inheritance pattern was first proposed for the genus Primula, where there is evidence that three to five, or more, linked genes occur (Ernst, 1955;Dowrick, 1956;Lewis and Jones, 1992;Kurian and Richards, 1997;Barrett and Shore, 2008). There is more limited evidence supporting the occurrence of a supergene in lineages outside the Primulaceae that have independently evolved distyly, including Fagopyrum (Woo et al, 1999;Matsui et al, 2003;Fesenko et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2005) and Turnera, where the inheritance of self-compatible homostyles has been investigated (Shore and Barrett, 1985;Barrett and Shore, 1987;Tamari et al, 2001Tamari et al, , 2005.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Characterization of X-ray-generated floral mutants carrying deletions at the S-locus of distylous Turnera subulata

2010

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To investigate the genetic architecture of distyly in Turnera subulata and test the hypothesis that a supergene determines distyly, we used X-ray mutagenesis to generate floral mutants. Based upon the crossing design, all progeny were expected to be short-styled. Of 3982 progeny screened, 10 long-styled mutants, one long homostyle and one short homostyle were recovered. Assays for molecular markers tightly linked to the S-locus showed that the mutants were missing 1-3 markers indicating they are deletion mutants. We investigated the incompatibility phenotype of the mutants and found that both their styles and pollen behaved like those of the long-styled morph. There was a variation in the absolute length of styles, stamens and pollen size of the long-styled mutants. Furthermore, long-styled mutants possessing larger deletions tended to have their anthers and stigmas in closer proximity. We explored the inheritance of the S-locus mutations and found that only one of the deletion mutations was transmitted to progeny where we recovered seven such progeny. Remarkably, our data are consistent with the supergene model (GPA/gpa) of Primula. The long homostyle mutant appears to have deletions involving both the G and P loci. The other mutants appear to have deletions of the entire S-locus. The mutants generated will serve as a valuable resource for the molecular dissection of the S-locus region, and in the identification of genes determining distyly.

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Heteromorphic incompatibility retained in self‐compatible plants produced by a cross between common and wild buckwheat

Cited by 31 publications

References 25 publications

Use of Self-Compatibility and Modifier Genes for Breeding and Genetic Analysis in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)

Use of Self-Compatibility and Modifier Genes for Breeding and Genetic Analysis in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)

Construction of a BAC library for buckwheat genome research -An application to positional cloning of agriculturally valuable traits-

Characterization of X-ray-generated floral mutants carrying deletions at the S-locus of distylous Turnera subulata

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