Heterogenisation of polyoxometalates and other metal-based complexes in metal–organic frameworks: from synthesis to characterisation and applications in catalysis

Abstract

This review provides a thorough overview of composites with molecular catalysts (polyoxometalates, or organometallic or coordination complexes) immobilised into MOFs via non-covalent interactions.

MOF-enabled confinement and related effects for chemical catalyst presentation and utilization

“…[170][171][172][173][174][175] Steric encapsulation of POMs relies on size matching between the MOF cavity and POM, where the MOF pore is big enough to accommodate a POM, but the apertures/windows are small enough to prevent the POM from leaving. 176 To this end, Mukhopadhyay et al 177 prepared a composite by growing ZIF-8 around the pre-formed POM (Fig. 21).…”

Nanostructure@metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for catalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion in photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and thermal catalysis

“…Polyoxometalates (POMs) own metal oxide polyhedra (MO x , x=5, 6) as basic structural unit consisted of transition metal cations and polyoxometalate polyanions, in which transition metal M normally has a high valence, such as W VI , Mo VI , V V , Ta V , and Nb V . POMs as a class of typical cluster compound were widely investigated for catalytic applications [67][68][69]. Taking advantages of the superior traits of POMs including the redox capability, welldefined active sites, tunable light absorption, reversible electrons acceptance and donation, the POMs can be used as photocatalysts, cocatalysts, photosensitizers, and multi-electron mediator in the application of CO 2 photoreduction [16,[70][71][72][73][74][75].…”

Nanochannel-based {BaZn}–organic framework for catalytic activity on the cycloaddition reaction of epoxides with CO2 and deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation

“…36,37 In addition, hitherto, recent studies have confirmed that activated microporous MOFs materials had other catalytic properties for organic reactions, such as Knoevenagel condensation reaction, Friedel-Crafts reaction, cyanosilanation, acetalization of carbonyl compounds and imines, aldehyde alcohol reaction, etc. [38][39][40][41] The deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation is specifically important to produce unsaturated methylene compounds, which could be used as the raw materials of pharmaceuticals, coumarin derivatives, cosmetics, perfumes and so on. 42,43 Therefore, it is meaningful to explore the synthesis of microporous MOFs with the advantages of diverse catalytic sites, high specific surface area, special pore (cavity) structure, and high selective catalysis.…”