Heterogeneous shedding of<i>Brucella abortus</i>in milk and its effect on the control of animal brucellosis

Capparelli, Rosanna; Parlato, Marianna; Iannaccone, Marco; Roperto, Sante; Marabelli, R.; Roperto, F.; Iannelli, Domenico

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04177.x

Cited by 41 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In low temperature, survival is longer, especially when it is below freezing (21). Brucellosis affects many organs and tissues as a systemic infection (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Brucella spp. in Dairy Products by Real-Time PCR

Moslemi¹,

Soltandalal²,

Beheshtizadeh³

et al. 2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

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Background and Objectives: Brucella is an intracellular gram-negative bacterium that can infect many kinds of mammals like humans, sheep, cattle, etc. Brucellosis is a contagious occupational disease caused by Brucella spp. that affects individuals who have close contact with infected animals. The clinical features of Brucellosis are not disease-specific and almost every organ can be affected. This zoonotic disease is a great health concern and economically important in many countries, such as Iran. The aim of this study was to detect Brucella spp. in pasteurized and non-pasteurized dairy products. Methods: In this study, 208 samples, including goat, sheep, and cow raw and pasteurized milk as well as pasteurized and nonpasteurized cheese, were collected in Tehran province. The DNA was extracted, and then the real-time PCR was used for detection of the Brucella spp. gene. Results:The prevalence of Brucella spp. contamination in the dairy products was: 45.5% in goat's raw milk, 39.1% in non-pasteurized cheese, 27.3% in sheep's raw milk, 26.3% in cow's raw milk, 25% in pasteurized cheese, and 14.7% in pasteurized milk. Conclusions: Rapid and exact detection of pathogens in dairy products is the most significant factor to prevent foodborne diseases. In addition, the real-time PCR assay is sensitive and specific enough to detect a low number of Brucella spp. in dairy products.

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“…In low temperature, survival is longer, especially when it is below freezing (21). Brucellosis affects many organs and tissues as a systemic infection (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Brucella spp. in Dairy Products by Real-Time PCR

Moslemi¹,

Soltandalal²,

Beheshtizadeh³

et al. 2018

Arch Clin Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Typically, little attention is given to the causes or impacts of viral load variation between individual hosts, and conclusions about biological phenomena are frequently based on mean trends in the data. This is surprising considering that pathogen load variation and the specific factors that regulate this variation could have important implications for disease epidemiology, evolution, and management (Alizon et al, 2009; Capparelli et al, 2009; Fraser et al, 2007; Galvani and May, 2005; Lloyd-Smith et al, 2005; Matthews et al, 2006; Mellors et al, 1996; Woolhouse et al, 1997). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Host genetic diversity and stochasticity in the viral entry process are often hypothesized as the main factors driving variation in viral burdens between hosts (Brault et al, 2010; Capparelli et al, 2009; Fellay et al, 2007; Howey et al, 2009; Kaslow et al, 2005; Matthews et al, 2006; Overturf et al, 2010; Pelak et al, 2010). However, many systems are limited in their ability to explicitly quantify the role of these factors in regulating viral load variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of host genetic diversity and viral entry as sources of between-host variation in viral load

et al. 2012

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Little is known about the factors that drive the high levels of between-host variation in pathogen burden that are frequently observed in viral infections. Here, two factors thought to impact viral load variability, host genetic diversity and stochastic processes linked with viral entry into the host, were examined. This work was conducted with the aquatic vertebrate virus, Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), in its natural host, rainbow trout. It was found that in controlled in vivo infections of IHNV, a suggestive trend of reduced between-fish viral load variation was observed in a clonal population of isogenic trout compared to a genetically diverse population of out-bred trout. However, this trend was not statistically significant for any of the four viral genotypes examined, and high levels of fish-to-fish variation persisted even in the isogenic trout population. A decrease in fish-to-fish viral load variation was also observed in virus injection challenges that bypassed the host entry step, compared to fish exposed to the virus through the natural water-borne immersion route of infection. This trend was significant for three of the four virus genotypes examined and suggests host entry may play a role in viral load variability. However, high levels of viral load variation also remained in the injection challenges. Together, these results indicate that although host genetic diversity and viral entry may play some role in between-fish viral load variation, they are not major factors. Other biological and non-biological parameters that may influence viral load variation are discussed.

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“…Infection with Brucella abortus has been recognized in domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) of Trinidad (Fosgate et al 2002a) and other regions of the world (Dhand et al 2005;Samaha et al 2008;Capparelli et al 2009). Reported differences in successful isolation of B. abortus from seropositive cattle versus water buffalo (Fosgate et al 2002a) have been hypothesized to be due to different sensitivity and specificity of serological assays (Fosgate et al 2002b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence of Brucella abortus isolated from cattle and water buffalo

Adesiyun

Fosgate²,

Seebaransingh³

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Brucellosis has been documented in domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) but published literature is limited despite the importance of this species in tropical agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to compare the virulence of B. abortus isolates recovered from cattle and water buffalo. Nineteen strains of Brucella abortus from cattle and domestic water buffalo in Trinidad were intraperitoneally inoculated into BALB/c mice. Spleens were cultured for B. abortus and a histopathological severity scores were calculated based on lymphoid depletion, lymphoid necrosis, splenitis, and macrophage accumulation. A general linear model approach was used to estimate the effect of isolate source (cattle versus water buffalo) on virulence. Isolates of water buffalo origin were significantly less virulent in the mouse model based on recovered B. abortus from splenic tissues, spleen:weight ratio, and lymphoid necrosis but not overall histopathological severity scores. Further investigation of isolates recovered from water buffalo might provide the key to the development of procedures for brucellosis control in tropical environments.3

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Heterogeneous shedding ofBrucella abortusin milk and its effect on the control of animal brucellosis

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Detection of Brucella spp. in Dairy Products by Real-Time PCR

Detection of Brucella spp. in Dairy Products by Real-Time PCR

Analysis of host genetic diversity and viral entry as sources of between-host variation in viral load

Virulence of Brucella abortus isolated from cattle and water buffalo

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