Heterogeneous reductive dehalogenation of PCB contaminated transformer oil and brominated diphenyl ethers with zero valent iron

Ex-Situ Remediation Technologies for Environmental Pollutants: A Critical Perspective

“…The expenditure for fi eld-scale treatment ranges between US$200 and 500 per t for the chemical dehalogenation process (FRTR 2012 ), but no specifi c cost estimates for other dehalogenation types exist. Habekost and Aristov ( 2012 ) suggested that reductive dechlorination and debromination of PBDEs and PCBs occurs effi ciently with ZVI at reasonably high temperatures (350-600 °C) in a nitrogen atmosphere. Tiehm et al ( 2009 ) produced nano-sized air-stable ZVI particles by passing ultrasound to a Fe(CO) solution in edible corn oil and coating the resulting nano-iron with a non-crystalline carbon cover after dispersing it in a carbon matrix.…”

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 236

“…The more sophisticated microbial dehalogenation types involve the use of microwave-induced and UV-photolytic process (Li et al 2012a ), nanoparticle iron (Zhuang et al 2011 ), and ZVI (Xiu et al 2010 ). Habekost and Aristov ( 2012 ) suggested that reductive dechlorination and debromination of PBDEs and PCBs occurs effi ciently with ZVI at reasonably high temperatures (350-600 °C) in a nitrogen atmosphere. The expenditure for fi eld-scale treatment ranges between US$200 and 500 per t for the chemical dehalogenation process (FRTR 2012 ), but no specifi c cost estimates for other dehalogenation types exist.…”

Mass Spectrometric Detection and Reductive Degradation of the Anti-cancer Drugs Ifosfamide and Cyclophosphamide

“…The dehalogenation process stops when the metallic iron or zinc reagent has been completely converted to iron or zinc chlorides and, in all likelihood, also iron or zinc carbides (not tested here, but tested in previous studies [15,16]). The GC at 300°C shows that one of the degradation products is N-Lost (retention time 7 min., see arrow).…”

“…Organochloride contaminants can be detoxified by simple chemical substitution of the chlorine atoms [15,16]. Each Brønsted acid can be used as a hydrogen source for the reduction reaction.…”