Heterogeneous recyclable nano-palladium catalyzed amidation of esters using formamides as amine sources

Abstract

Catalyzed by supported palladium nanoparticles, a decarbonylative amidation reaction between various aryl esters and formamides by C–O bond activation has been developed for the synthesis of amides.

In Situ Synthesis of Well‐Ordered Magnetic Palladium Catalyst Triggered by Supramolecular Chaotropic Effect of Boron Cluster

“…A high‐resolution XPS Pd 3d spectrum of Fe 3 O 4 @SSAs@Pd NPs was treated with peak fitting and displayed in Figure b. It could be found that there were two main peaks with binding energy (BE) of 334.5 and 340.5 eV, corresponding to Pd(0) 3d5/2 and Pd(0) 3d3/2, implying the presence of Pd NPs in the final product. Then EDX analysis shown in Figure c was used to demonstrate the composition of the nanocomposites.…”

PCl3-mediated transesterification and aminolysis of tert-butyl esters via acid chloride formation

“…A FULI GC-9790II equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) detector was used to analysis the reaction mixture. 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 13 C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AV-II 500-MHz NMR spectrometer ( 1 H: 500 MHz, 13 C: 125.76 MHz) in CDCl 3 or DMSO-d 6 . The coupling constants J are given in Hz.…”

“…1 H NMR (500 MHz CDCl 3 ): δ 7.19-7.16 (m, 2H), 7.11-7.08 (m, 3H), 3.55 (s, 3H), 2.85 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.52 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H). 13 Methyl hexanoate (2p): 40 Colorless oil; yield: 94% (158.9 mg). Eluent: petroleum ether.…”

“…1 H NMR (500 MHz CDCl 3 ): δ 3.60 (s, 3H), 2.23 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.59-1.53 (m, 2H), 1.27-1.22 (m, 4H), 0.83 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H). 13 Ethyl benzoate (2q): 47 Light yellow oil, yield 96% (187.2 mg). Eluent: petroleum ether/EtOAc = 10/1.…”

“…In recent years, the transesterification and aminolysis of esters have represented alternative routes for the synthesis of various esters and amides. [8][9][10][11] However, transesterification and aminolysis of esters usually require the use of transition-metal catalysts such as Pd, 12,13 Co, 14 Ru, 15,16 and Au, 17 excess of bases, 18,19 metal alkoxides, 10,20 carbenes, [21][22][23] and so on, [24][25][26][27][28] which are limited by high costs, low availability, and harsh reaction conditions. Moreover, there are only a few examples involving the transesterification and aminolysis of esters using the same system.…”