Hetero-functional azo reactive dyes applied on cellulosic fabric and dyeing conditions optimization to enhance the dyeing properties

Abstract

New dyestuff moieties are introduced in the textile industry to upgrade the quality and aesthetic properties of dyed fabric. To contribute to this research endeavor, the current project was conducted for the dyeing of cellulosic fabric via new hetero-functional reactive dyes R1 and R2 synthesized in our previous study. Optimization of different process variables (temperature, salt, and alkali concentration) and their interactive study for exhaust dyeing was explored and delineated based on a statistical tool response surface methodology. Results divulged that both dyes displayed maximum exhaustion and fixation at a temperature of 61.50°C on the cellulosic fabric. Reactive dye R1 exhibited 87.62 (±3) exhaustion and 82.85 (±3) fixation percentage at their optimum salt (29.07 g/L) and alkali (32.55 g/L) dosage while R2 displayed 81.50 (±3) exhaustion and 77.21 (±3) fixation at its optimized salt (32.55 g/L) and alkali concentrations (22.84 g/L). All process variables showed a positive and synergistic effect on the dyeing properties. Enhanced exhaustion and fixation percentage of R1 as compared to R2 may be accredited to greater planarity and less steric hindrance of R1. Both dyes presented superb color buildup showing good to excellent color fastness on cotton fabric. Future perspectives of the current study comprised the application and assessment of dyeing parameters of these new reactive dyes on polyester cotton (PC) fabric.

Synthetic Dye Application in Textiles: A Review on the Efficacies and Toxicities Involved

“…They exhibit excellent fastness property on fibres such as silk, cotton, wool and regenerated cellulosic derivatives [33]. Siddiqua et al [34] confirm that among all the classes of synthetic dyes available, reactive dye is singled out to be the only class that makes covalent bond and fuses with the fibre. This however, lends credence to its good response to wash and light fastness, making it a more desired class of dye in the textile industry.…”

Urea Free Screen Printing of Cotton Fabric Via Newly Synthesized Reactive Dyes and Impact of Functional Group Chemistry on Printing Properties

“…The nature, number, and position of the reactive functional groups in the dye molecule has a distinctive impact on printing properties 6,9,10 . Fiber reactive dyes comprising of heterofunctional reactive groups have better color yield and greater xation as compared to reactive dyes containing monofunctional reactive groups and are more suitable for printing because they exhibit high solubility, high diffusion, low a nity and high printing paste ability [11][12][13] . However, for practical application of dye on cellulosic fabric there are some technical problems including diffusion and solubility of dyes in the printing paste 9,14 .…”

Efficient Removal and Conditions Optimization of Textile Dyes Using UV/TiO₂ Based Advanced Oxidation Process

“…The main problem is the untreated wastewater of these dying industries having harmful effects on human activities as well as on marine life [7]. Textile and other industries are found to use large number of dyes and as a result they excrete very large amount of toxic waste in the water stream which not only affect the main stream of water supply but also have effects on the environment [4,8]. Dyes are very complex and stable compounds.…”